Huperzine-A dosage

Huperzine-A

David Tomen
Author:
David Tomen
11 minute read
Huperzine-A improves cognition, memory, learning, recall, is an antioxidant, helps neuroplasticity, and protects against glutamate-toxicity.

Huperzine-A (Hup-A) is a water-soluble alkaloid nootropic derived from Chinese Club Moss (Huperzia serrata). This plant is native to southeast Asia. And has been used in traditional medicine for millennia to treat skin conditions, muscle problems and to boost blood circulation.

Huperzine-A is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Which means it prevents the breakdown down of acetylcholine (ACh). Boosting short-term memory and long-term brain health.

Huperzine-A also seems to be a NMDA receptor antagonist. Which is beneficial in that it prevents an excess of glutamate from damaging brain cells.

Huperzine-A helps:

  • Neurotransmitters: Huperzine-A prevents the enzyme AChE from breaking down acetylcholine. Improving cognition and memory.
  • Brain Energy: Huperzine-A supports brain cell mitochondria. The primary energy sources fueling brain cells and brain cell function.
  • Neuroprotectant: Huperzine-A works as an antioxidant and boosts the activity of other brain antioxidants. Preventing free radical damage in brain cells. And boosting brain cell longevity.

Overview

Huperzine-A (Hup-A) is a water-soluble natural plant alkaloid nootropic that easily crosses the blood-brain barrier.

Huperzine-A
Huperzine-A

Hup-A is derived from Chinese Club Moss (Huperzia serrata). A plant native to southeast Asia where it’s been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years.

Huperzine-A has a strong inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This enzyme AChE, is responsible for degrading the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh).

Boosting levels of acetylcholine (ACh) transmission in your brain improves memory and attention. And promotes greater neuroplasticity which is necessary for long-term memory formation and general brain cell health.

Huperzine-A is also a NMDA receptor antagonist. This glutamate receptor’s job is to control synaptic plasticity and memory function. Which is a positive thing. But blocking its function can also be effective at times. By preventing damage from too much glutamate.  And blocking the toxicity from certain nerve agents.[i]

This combination of boosting acetylcholine and blocking NMDA receptors requires a fine balance. And could explain why it’s beneficial to cycle the use of Huperzine-A. To maintain the delicate balance of neurochemistry in the brain while realizing Huperzine-A’s benefits.

Huperzine-A vs. Huperzia serrata: What’s the Difference?

Cognitive scienceHuperzine-A (Hup-A) is produced in the lab from Huperzia serrata (Chinese Club Moss). Huperzine-A is a standardized compound found in this naturally occurring plant.

Note that Huperzine-A and Huperzia serrata are NOT the same supplement.

Some nootropic supplement stacks substitute genuine Huperzine-A with Huperzia serrata. All the research I’ve seen uses Huperzine-A in their clinical trials. Not Huperzia serrata.

Look for a supplement with genuine Huperzine-A on the label. And avoid stacks or supplements that use Huperzine serrata.

Huperzine-A-boosts-acetylcholine

How does Huperzine-A Work in the Brain?

Huperzine-A boosts brain health and function in several ways. But two in particular stand out.

  1. Huperzine-A acts as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. AChE is an enzyme that breaks down the important neurotransmitter acetylcholine once it’s used in your system. So Hup-A helps prevent this breakdown. Allowing more acetylcholine to be available which improves learning and memory.

Scientists at the Weizmann Institute in Israel uncovered how Huperzine-A works to block acetylcholinesterase (AChE). They made a 3-D image of the structure of the AChE molecule. And found a deep chasm, called the “active-site gorge”.

The scientists found the active-site gorge acts like a guide to funnel acetylcholine into the interior of the enzyme where it is cut apart prior to recycling. This is how AChE blocks acetylcholine from being eliminated.

The study revealed that Huperzine-A has the unique ability to fit into this active-site gorge. Like a key into a lock. And appears to bind more tightly and specifically to AChE than other AChE inhibitors.

This ability for Huperzine-A to take acetylcholine’s place within the AChE enzyme is how more acetylcholine is made available in the brain.

Professor Joel Sussman said, “It is as if this natural substance were ingeniously designed to fit into the exact spot in AChE where it will do the most good.”[ii]

  1. Huperzine-A also plays a neuroprotective role. Researchers discovered that Hup-A prevents glutamate-induced toxicity. Protecting the hippocampus and other cerebral neurons from cell death caused by the amino acid glutamate.[iii]

In addition to protecting from glutamate-induced toxicity, Huperzine-A also promotes new dendrite growth in neurons.[iv]

How things go bad

As we get older, our brain chemistry and metabolism changes.

↓ Acetylcholine levels decline

↓ Concentration, attention and mental agility decline

↓ Nerve growth factor declines

↓ Free radicals damage brain cell mitochondria

All of these changes can happen at any age. And are a product of the food we eat, what we drink, lifestyle habits, the air we breathe and more.

So Huperzine-A can help for age-related cognitive decline, as well as a student looking to do better in school. By boosting the availability of acetylcholine in your brain.

Huperzine-A boosts cognition

Huperzine-A benefits

Huperzine-A boosts acetylcholine

Huperzine-A boosts levels of available acetylcholine in the brain by blocking the effect of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

Acetylcholine (ACh) is critical for encoding new memories, reasoning, concentration, cognition, and neuroplasticity. Not enough ACh can result in diseases like ADHD, Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Huperzine-A’s benefit as a nootropic can boost short-term mental performance like attention and memory. And even helping your brain for long-term brain health.

Huperzine-A is an antioxidant

Huperzine-A supports brain cell mitochondria. The main energy centers of each cell. It reduces free radical damage by acting as an antioxidant. Free radicals degrade mitochondria and their function. Studies have shown that Hup-A enhances the activities of other antioxidant enzymes as well.[v]

Huperzine-A resists beta-amyloid dysfunction

Huperzine-A boosts neuron resistance to beta-amyloid induced dysfunction that could lead to diseases like Alzheimer’s. Beta-amyloid affects ATP levels in mitochondria. Hup-A protects against this damage.[vi]

Huperzine-A prevents glutamate toxicity

Huperzine-A protects brain cells from glutamate toxicity. Too much of the neurotransmitter glutamate has been associated with brain cell degeneration. And other cognitive dysfunction and behavior. Hup-A seems to slow down this glutamate toxicity at least partly by acting as a NMDA receptor antagonist.[vii]

Huperzine-A increases nerve growth factor

Huperzine-A boosts nerve growth factor (NGF) in the brain. NGF is critical in brain cell development, maintenance and repair. Declines in NGF-levels in the brain are associated with Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. Studies show Hup-A not only prevents this drop in NGF from happening. It actually helps boost the production of NGF.[viii]

How does Huperzine-A feel?

Nootropics users report Huperzine-A provides a boost in mental energy. Without the side effects normally associated with a stimulant.

Improved cognition and clear thinking are common when using Hup-A. Many report a boost in short-term memory. Recall is better in the long-term.

And some with Alzheimer’s report the progression of the disease slows down. Instead of advancing.

You should be able to experience the effects of Huperzine-A soon after you take it. It’s water-soluble so it’s digested and enters your cells quickly.

One thing to note is; Huperzine-A has a long half-life of 10 – 14 hours. In other words, it does not leave your system nearly as quickly as most other nootropics. So many neurohackers restrict their use of Hup-A to 2 or 3-times per week.

Huperzine-A is an antioxidant and neuroprotectant

Huperzine-A Clinical Research

Huperzine-A is most known for boosting acetylcholine (ACh) in the brain. Efficient ACh neurotransmission is critical for learning, memory and attention.

Reduced levels of ACh are associated with declines in cognition and memory. And are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, ALS and others.

Huperzine-A supplementation helps even in those with no sign of brain disease. It can enhance attention and memory in most looking to boost cognition.

Huperzine-A Provides Protection in Chemical Warfare

If you ever find yourself in a war-zone, you may want to stock up on Huperzine-A.

Researchers at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in Washington D.C. are investigating Huperzine-A’s potential as a pretreatment to protect soldiers against chemical warfare nerve agent poisoning.

One of the studies conducted at Walter Reed looked at Huperzine-A’s protective potential. Scientists found Hup-A to be twice as effective in protecting against the lethal effects of the nerve agent soman as the leading drug in that role called physostigmine. Huperzine-A’s effects lasted for six hours compared to only 90 minutes for the drug.[ix]

Huperzine-A Improves Learning & Memory

This study is verification of using Huperzine-A as a nootropic at any age. Researchers in China selected 68 students who complained of bad memory. And their learning performance was getting worse in school.

In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial students were given either 100 mcg of Hup-A or a placebo for 4 weeks.

At the conclusion of the trial, researchers found that the students using Huperzine-A scored higher on memory testing than those who took the placebo.[x]

Huperzine-A Improves Cognition

Much of the research on Huperzine-A has been done in China. And many of the studies have been with patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.

One study done in Shanghai worked with 200 patients who met the criteria for having Alzheimer’s Disease. Researchers gave one group of patients 300-500 mcg of Hup-A daily for 8 – 24 weeks. The other group got a placebo.

The results of the study showed that Huperzine-A’s effects increased over time. The patients that used Hup-A showed significant improvements in cognition, orientation, attention, memory, mood and behavior.[xi]

Huperzine-A Recommended Dosage

Recommended Huperzine-A dosage is 50 – 200 mcg every second or third day. Hup-A is water-soluble so you don’t need to take it with a meal, or healthy fat like some nootropics.

Huperzine-A dosageHuperzine-A is typically sold as 50, 100, or 200 mcg tablets or capsules. Several retail nootropic stacks often include Huperzine-A in their formula. So you should not supplement with more Hup-A while using these pre-made stacks.

Since Huperzine-A has at least a 10 – 14 hour half-life most neurohackers prefer cycling. This means using Hup-A every 2nd day, or even only twice per week.

Huperzine-A is also available as an injection for therapeutic use. Typically used to treat diseases like Alzheimer’s. Or the muscle weakness condition called myasthenia gravis.

Huperzine-A Side Effects

Huperzine-A can be toxic if used in larger than recommended doses. Or if you already have too much acetylcholine(ACh) in your system. Remember, Hup-A boosts levels of ACh.

Side effects with Huperzine-A are rare but can include symptoms similar to choline-overload like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, thirst and constipation.

Very rarely will Huperzine-A cause cardiac arrhythmia.

Symptoms of acute toxicity are similar to those of other cholinergic inhibitors. And can include muscle tremors, drooling, tears, bronchial mucous and incontinence.

Do not use Huperzine-A if you’re dealing with epilepsy. And if you have heart disease, use Hup-a with caution. It can slow heart rate.

Huperzine-A may make asthma or emphysema worse. Because it can cause mucous in the lungs. The same goes for those dealing with urinary tract or reproductive system blockages. It can cause mucous buildup there as well.

An important note for Alzheimer’s patients: Huperzine-A can increase the effects of drugs you may already be taking. Talk to your doctor before trying Hup-A.

Types of Huperzine-A to Buy

Huperzine-A is sold in tablet or capsule form. Tablets and capsules are usually 50 – 200 mcg each.

Be careful with pre-made nootropic stacks containing Huperzine-A where the manufacturer recommends daily use. Because Huperzine-A should only be used every 2nd or 3rd day because of its 10 – 14 hr. half-life.

Huperzia serrata is simply raw, powdered Chinese Club Moss and should be avoided. It’s not standardized so you don’t know how much you’re getting. And it’s NOT the same as Huperzine-A.

Nootropics Expert Recommendation

Huperzine-A 200 mcg every 2nd or 3rd day

Nootropics Expert Tested and ApprovedI recommend using Huperzine-A as a nootropic supplement with caution.

Your body does not make Huperzine-A on its own. So to get its benefits you must take it as a supplement.

Huperzine-A is especially helpful for those suffering from cognitive dysfunction caused by diseases like Alzheimer’s.

Huperzine-A is also particularly useful to students and executives who want to boost cognition, learning and memory.

Huperzine-A is a fast-acting nootropic that can also help prevent brain degeneration later in life.

Huperzine-A does have a long 10 – 14 hr. half-life so you should cycle it. Either take it every 2nd day, or even twice per week. The benefits are long-lasting and will stay with you.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. This post may also contain other affiliate links and I will be compensated if you make a purchase after clicking on my links.

[i] Coleman B.R., Ratcliffe R.H., Oguntayo S.A., Shi X., Doctor B.P., Gordon R.K., Nambiar M.P. “[+]-Huperzine A treatment protects against N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced seizure/status epilepticus in rats.” Chemico-Biological Interactions. 2008 Sep 25;175(1-3):387-95. (source)

[ii] Raves M.L., Harel M., Pang Y.P., Silman I., Kozikowski A.P., Sussman J.L. “Structure of acetylcholinesterase complexed with the nootropic alkaloid, (-)-huperzine A.” Nature Structural Biology. 1997 Jan;4(1):57-63. (source)

[iii] Gordon R.K., Nigam S.V., Weitz J.A., Dave J.R., Doctor B.P., Ved H.S. “The NMDA receptor ion channel: a site for binding of Huperzine A.” Journal of Applied Toxicology. 2001 Dec;21 Suppl 1:S47-51. (source)

[iv] Shen J.N., Wang D.S., Wang R. “The protection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor on β-amyloid-induced injury of neurite outgrowth via regulating axon guidance related genes expression in neuronal cells” International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology. 2012; 5(9): 900–913. (source)

[v] Xiao X.Q., Wang R., Han Y.F., Tang X.C. “Protective effects of huperzine A on beta-amyloid(25-35) induced oxidative injury in rat pheochromocytoma cells.” Neuroscience Letters. 2000 Jun 9;286(3):155-8. (source)

[vi] Gao X., Tang X.C. “Huperzine A attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in beta-amyloid-treated PC12 cells by reducing oxygen free radicals accumulation and improving mitochondrial energy metabolism.”Journal of Neuroscience Research. 2006 May 1;83(6):1048-57. (source)

[vii] Hynd M.R., Scott H.L., Dodd P.R. “Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.”Neurochemistry International. 2004 Oct;45(5):583-95. (source)

[viii] Tang L.L., Wang R., Tang X.C. “Effects of huperzine A on secretion of nerve growth factor in cultured rat cortical astrocytes and neurite outgrowth in rat PC12 cells.” Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 2005 Jun;26(6):673-8. (source)

[ix] Saxena A., Qian N., Kovach I.M., Kozikowski A.P., Pang Y.P., Vellom D.C., Radić Z., Quinn D., Taylor P., Doctor B.P. “Identification of amino acid residues involved in the binding of Huperzine A to cholinesterases.” Protein Science. 1994 Oct;3(10):1770-8. (source)

[x] Sun Q., et. Al. “Huperzine-A capsules enhance memory and learning performance in 34 pairs of matched adolescent students” Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 1999; (7):601—603 (source)

[xi] Wang B.S., Wang H., Wei Z.H., Song Y.Y., Zhang L., Chen H.Z. “Efficacy and safety of natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine A in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: an updated meta-analysis.”Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna). 2009 Apr;116(4):457-65. (source)

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Join The Discussion - 179 comments

Uzochi Onyejuruwa
July 9, 2020

Are there any contraindications with Maca (gelatinized black maca root powder)?

I’ve read that maca can boost acetylcholine

    David Tomen
    July 11, 2020

    Uzochi, Maca is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor just like Huperzine-A but not nearly as potent as Hup-A.

Dewayne
May 9, 2020

Hello David,

I took a neurotransmitter test and the results came back that I high levels of glutamate and lower levels of GABA do you think that taking Hup-A would be a supplement to help with lowering my glutamate levels?

    David Tomen
    May 10, 2020

    Dewayne, not Huperzine-A. Without getting into the science here try: Taurine, Vitamin C, CoQ10, Valerian, PQQ, L-Theanine, Vitamin B6 and magnesium. Look up dosage on each here on Nootropics Expert: https://nootropicsexpert.com/nootropics-list/

      Dewayne
      May 11, 2020

      Can I ask why not Huperzine-A? What would be the risk? I tried Valerian and I think it made it worse.

        David Tomen
        May 11, 2020

        Dewayne you use Huperzine-A to boost levels of acetylcholine in your brain. But you need to know how to use it. It has a 24 hour half-life. Which means if you use it everyday you end up with an overload of acetylcholine. Which is bad news. Some use similar things in chemical warfare for exactly that reason.

        Valerian helps boost GABA in your brain, inhibits GABA reuptake, modulates serotonin and norepinephrine, and activates adenosine receptors. It doesn’t even touch acetylcholine. And has a half-life of 1 – 5 hours. Unlike Huperzine-A which takes two full days to leave your system.

        Harry
        May 24, 2020

        There was huperzine A in my preworkout. It was dosed at 200mcg per scoop. I took about 1-2 scoops every day from May 2nd to May 18th. After learning about Huperzine and its side effects I have stopped taking my preworkout since the 18th. I have been dealing with dizziness when standing from a seated or laying down position as well as difficulty going to sleep this whole last week. Even today, 6 days after discontinued use I still experience the dizziness from standing occasionally. I am still having difficulty sleeping. Am I dealing with choline overload? Is there anything I can take to decrease choline levels?

        David Tomen
        May 26, 2020

        Harry, your problems may not be from excess acetylcholine. It could be but I suggest going closely through the list of ingredients on the pre-workout supplement you were using. If there are high doses of any ingredient in that stack that you quit suddenly, it could cause problems. I suggest seeing if you can determine that first.

        If for example it had a decent dose of L-Tyrosine you could just start using some L-Tyrosine to replace it. That goes for anything else in that stack.

        If it is excess acetylcholine, the easiest way to reduce it is to boost the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Which you can do with most of the racetams, Forskolin or even BCAAs (https://www.performancelab.com/products/bcaa/?a_aid=5c0957016035e&a_bid=a2ad38c1; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22328136/).

PL
April 20, 2020

Hi Mr.David, Can you please say if this product looks ok.

[Life Extension Huperzine-A]

Should one avoid huperzine a if they take memantine.

Can you also please share which nootropic supplements should not be taken which on memantine? Is there a supplement which is good or better to be taken with memantine.

What is your opinion on galantamine?

Thanks for your time and help.

    David Tomen
    April 20, 2020

    PL, Life Extension makes quality supplements. So their Huperzine-A supplement is as close to top notch as you can get.

    Huperzine-A acts as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Which means it forces more acetylcholine into the extracellular space between brain cells. When you combine it with anything that boosts acetylcholine it’s bad news. Because to much acetylcholine can cause muscle tremors, drooling, tears, bronchial mucous and incontinence. And excess amounts will kill you. It’s the reason why acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are used in chemical warfare.

    I suggest you dive into the exact way memantine works in your brain and then decide if this is a good idea. And keep in mind it must only be used every 2nd or 3rd day.

    And sorry, but I’m not familiar with galantamine so cannot comment.

James
March 5, 2020

my genius consciousness says huperzia serrated standarized to huperzine-a. 15 mg. Isn’t this way too much?

Also..can I stack huperzine-a with rhodiola and bacopa?

    David Tomen
    March 5, 2020

    James, 50 mg is far higher than the highest recommended dose of 200 mcg. And note that it needs to be cycled. Because Hup-A has up to a 24 hour half life. Which means it takes two days for it to clear from your system.

    Excess acetylcholine is used in biological warfare. So should not be messed with. These companies that put any dose of Huperzine-A in a daily supplement are irresponsible. Or have no idea what they’re doing. Which amounts to the same thing.

Radek F.
February 3, 2020

Hi David,

thanks for the great Huperzine-A article, I better understand how it works. However, within the half-life of Huperzine-A, multiple sources reports only 10-14 hours, not 24 as you indicate. Are you sure about that?

R.

    David Tomen
    February 5, 2020

    Radek, I’ve checked this multiple times and based my findings on clinical studies. I caution you about what you read. Because often one blogger back in 1993 made some statement and everyone but me copies them without checking the accuracy of the information.

    I can prove my source. Can they prove theirs?

Lora
January 20, 2020

Hello David,

What are good nootropics to stack with huperzine a and which ones are to be avoided when stacking with huperzine a?

Thanks
Lora

    David Tomen
    January 21, 2020

    Lora, it’s impossible to answer your question about which nootropics should be stacked with Huperzine-A because it depends on what your goals are.

    And please go back and learn the mechanism of action of this nootropic and how it “works in your brain”. All is explained in this review.

    Huperzine-A is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Which means it prevents the breakdown down of acetylcholine (ACh). You need to be careful with any other nootropic that also increases acetylcholine. Because excess ACh produces side effects like fatigue.

Adam
November 25, 2019

David, i just found this article, and have seen that i shouldnt be taking this. im kind of worried, as for the past couple of months i have been takinga lot of choline type pills, am i in danger? should I take the Hup, or the Alpha/CDP/Uridine pills? which is better?
this is what i take every day

Huperzine-A 200mcg 2 times per day
Alpha GPC 300mg 1-2 times per day
CDP Choline 300mg 1-2 times per day
Uridine 300mg 1-2 times per day
Sulbutiamine 500mg 1 per day
Magnesium L-Threonate 2000mg 1 per day

in addition to:
5-HTP 400mg 1 per day
Lions Mane 2100mg 1 per day
Rhodiola Rosea 600mg 1 per day
KSM-66 1000mg 1 per day

Vitamins:
C 1000mg
MSM 3000mg
Evening Primrose Oil 1300mg
Omega 3 fish oil 1200MG EPA/900MG DHA
D3 800iu/calcium 600mg
Biotin 10,000MCG
10G Multi Collagen powder

    David Tomen
    November 26, 2019

    Adam, it could be that your brain and body are starved for acetylcholine. Which may be the reason why you are not yet experiencing side effects from too much of this neurotransmitter.

    But the thing is Huperzine-A has a half-life of 24 hours. Which means that if you use it every day it keeps building up in your system. And sooner or later this will backfire on you badly.

    As long as this is working for you the only thing I’d strongly recommend is cutting back on your Huperzine-A dosage to once every 2 or 3 days.

Josh Thompson
October 23, 2019

I currently take adderall, and also take tyrosine, magnesium and citicoline. Would it be safe to add Hup A in the morning? What effects would it have on adderall?

    David Tomen
    October 24, 2019

    Josh, Huperzine-A is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Which means it increases acetylcholine. Citicoline also increases acetylcholine.

    I don’t see much benefit in your using it considering the rest of your stack. You can try it and see if it helps in any way.

    There is no contraindication with Adderall that I’m am aware of. But keep in mind its half-life is 24 hours. So if you do decide to use Hup-A you should only use in every 2nd or 3rd day.

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