Lemon Balm dosage - tea and capsules

Lemon Balm

David Tomen
Author:
David Tomen
10 minute read
Lemon Balm is known for its anti-anxiety and calming effects, improving focus, memory and cognition, and reducing irritability and depression.

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) is native to the Mediterranean region. And has been cultivated for well over 2,000 years. Melissa officinalis (Melissa is derived from the Greek for ‘honey bee’) was observed by Pliny the Elder as great for attracting bees.

Lemon balm’s appeal continued to grow. It was used as a tea to combat mental confusion, and as an elixir to extend lifespan. In the 17th century, French Carmelite nuns dispensed Carmelite Water. This lemon-balm infused ‘miracle water’ was said to improve memory, vision, and reduce fever, melancholy and congestion.

Melissa tea is used in France today to treat fatigue and headaches. Naturopaths recommend lemon balm to treat cold and flu, lower blood pressure, for insomnia and indigestion.

Lemon Balm Tea
Lemon Balm Tea

As a nootropic, lemon balm is used primarily to lower anxiety and boost memory.

Lemon Balm helps:

  • Neurotransmitters. Lemon Balm affects brain levels of acetylcholine (ACh). It plays an inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). AChE is an enzyme that breaks down ACh. Improving memory and cognition.
  • Neuroprotectant. Lemon Balm is a potent antioxidant that protects your brain cells from free radical damage.
  • Anxiety and stress. Lemon Balm has a significant anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) effect. It raises brain levels of the neurotransmitter GABA by inhibiting the enzyme GABA transaminase. This has an effect on mood regulation.

Overview

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) is an herb that’s native to the Mediterranean region. And now found in gardens throughout Europe and North America.

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)
Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)

Lemon balm has a long history as a treatment for stress, anxiety, thyroid issues, indigestion, infections, viruses and inflammation.

Related to the mint family of herbs, lemon balm has a subtle lemon scent. And its small white flowers attract bees. Hence the botanical name ‘Melissa’, which is Greek for honey bee.

The first recorded medical use of lemon balm dates back to Dioscorides, the ancient Greek physician, who used the herb for its anti-bacterial and soothing properties. The famous Swiss Renaissance physician, Paracelsus, called it the “elixir of life”.

In the 16th century, English botanist John Gerard, gave it to his students to “quicken the senses”. This appears to be the first recorded use of the herb for brain and cognitive health.

The most recent research shows lemon balm has remarkable healing and regenerative effects on your brain. It stimulates memory, and supports the health of your brain’s white matter.

Lemon balm’s two primary compounds that affect brain health are eugenol and rosmarinic acid.[i]

Eugenol is an antioxidant 5-times more potent than alpha-tocopherol found in Vitamin E. So lemon balm acts to boost your body’s natural healing processes by eliminating free radicals that damage brain cells.

And lemon balm helps increase levels of your body’s most powerful built-in antioxidants, dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.[ii]

Rosmarinic acid promotes an anti-depressant effect in your brain by downregulating mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (Mkp-1). And it upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), along with boosting dopamine synthesis.[iii]

Lemon Balm improves memory

How does Lemon Balm work in the Brain?

Lemon Balm boosts brain health and function in several ways. But two in particular stand out.

  1. Lemon Balm boosts memory. Lemon balm increases the activity of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) in your brain. When your brain sends signals, it uses acetylcholine to keep the signals moving. But once used, your brain removes acetylcholine with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE).[iv]

But if you have too much AChE, as is the case with Alzheimer’s patients, it restricts brain signaling. One way to prevent this signal failure is to prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine.

The compound rosmarinic acid in lemon balm encourages blood flow, which helps to keep brain cells from dying.[v] And it inhibits the formation of AChE.

The result is that your brain is stimulated, memories continue to form, and brain fog is eliminated.

  1. Lemon Balm reduces stress. One-way lemon balm does this is to promote GABA, a glutamate inhibitor in your brain. Glutamate excites brain cells to act. While this excitation is necessary, too much glutamate results in cell death.

Lemon balm promotes a better balance in glutamate levels, and helps new cell growth.[vi] The result is a boost in memory and reduction in stress. Largely due to eugenol, one of the components of lemon balm.

Lemon Balm reduces anxiety and depression

How things go bad

Chronic stress, anxiety, poor blood flow and free radicals (oxidation) can damage your brain. And one of the ways this manifests is memory loss.

It comes as no surprise that people with memory loss experience higher rates of anxiety and depression. As verified in one Australian research study.[vii]

↓ Chronic stress reduces memory capacity

↓ Toxins kill brain cells from the inside

↓ Free radicals destroy neurons and synapses

↓ Acetylcholine (ACh) levels decline

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) declines

Under conditions of chronic stress your brain loses the capacity to transmit signals between neurons efficiently. Memory, cognition, and decision-making all suffer as a result.

Lemon Balm benefits

Lemon Balm undoes damage to the brain caused by chronic stress and oxidative damage. It boosts GABA levels and keeps toxic glutamate overload in check.

Lemon balm inhibits the enzyme AChE that breaks down acetylcholine (ACh) levels in your brain. Boosting ACh improves memory, recall and cognition.

Rosmarinic acid in lemon balm works as an antidepressant. And boosts brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which promotes the growth, maturation and maintenance of brain cells.

And the eugenol in lemon balm is a very powerful antioxidant. Eliminating oxidative damage in brain cells by neutralizing free radicals. And boosting your brain’s own antioxidants to provide even more protection.

How does Lemon Balm feel?

The effects of supplementing with Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) can provide an anti-anxiety effect within minutes of taking it. Some users say it works as well as popping a Xanax®.

You should experience an increase in focus along with a sense of calm. And even though lemon balm works well as a sleep aid, taking it during the day shouldn’t make you drowsy.Lemon Balm improves mood

Users report lemon balm effective in taming racing thoughts that come with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Some even use lemon balm as an effective way to control irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Lemon Balm Clinical Research

Research continues in medicinal plants and herbs that have been used for millennia to treat cognition and memory problems. One study conducted at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne in the UK, found Melissa officinalis to be one of the strongest in effects on acetylcholine receptors. And being an effective aid for memory.[viii]

Lemon Balm as a Nootropic

Lemon Balm has been shown to improve problem-solving and memory in both human and animal models. And age seems to make no difference. All groups using lemon balm showed boosts in recall and problem-solving.

Some recent studies with Alzheimer’s patients have shown improvement when using lemon balm. In one study done in China, researchers gave Sprague Dawley rats eugenol.

One of the active compounds found in lemon balm, eugenol is a potent antioxidant. In this case it helped test subjects get their memory back.[ix]

Another study noted that lemon balm inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This enzyme breaks down the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). ACh is crucial to creating memories and cognition. Lemon balm was shown to boost and support mood and memory.[x]

Lemon Balm for Stress Reduction

A double-blind, placebo-controlled experiment was conducted in the UK with 18 healthy volunteers. The subjects received two separate single doses of standardized lemon balm extract (300 mg and 600 mg), or a placebo, on separate days. Followed by a 7-day washout period.

Mood was assessed before dosing, and 1-hour after dosing with lemon balm extract. The study subjects did a 20-minute version of the Defined Intensity Stressor Simulation (DISS) battery of tests.

The results showed that a 600 mg dose of lemon balm eliminated the negative mood effects of doing the DISS tests. They reported an increase in calmness and reduced alertness.

The researchers also reported a significant increase in mathematical processing, with no reduction in accuracy. This was after taking the lower 300 mg dose.

The nootropic benefits of lemon balm, according to this test, was a boost in cognition, and had a calming effect.[xi]

Lemon Balm Recommended Dosage

Lemon balm has a long history of use in treating a host of ailments. Including memory and cognition, gas, bloating, earache, vomiting, headache, toothache and insomnia.

Lemon Balm dosage - tea and capsulesFor nootropic use, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) comes in tea and capsule form. For the most potent dosage find lemon balm extract capsules.

The suggested dose by most naturopaths and alternative health doctors is 300 mg of lemon balm extract 2-3 times per day.

Dosage of lemon balm leaf as a tea is 1 – 2 grams per cup of tea.

You can use lemon balm in the morning to address daytime anxiety. And towards evening to support relaxation and sleep.

Lemon Balm Side Effects

Lemon balm is considered non-toxic and very safe for most users. Most neurohackers won’t experience any side effects.

Note: Lemon balm may have an “antithyrotropic effect“. So if you’re hypothyroid, and on thyroid medication, you may want to avoid using lemon balm.

And use caution when combining lemon balm with; anti-anxiety meds, anti-histamines, muscle relaxers, anti-seizure drugs or tranquilizers.

Type of Lemon Balm to buy

For nootropic use, lemon balm supplements are available as loose-leaf tea, tinctures, and capsules. Most neurohackers use lemon balm capsules which come as ground leaves, or an extract.

The lowest active dose is 300 mg of standard lemon balm. Supplementing above this dose seems to offer dose-dependent benefits. In other words, you’ll get more benefit by taking higher doses. (i.e. 300 mg lemon balm 2-times per day).

I use and recommend:  Zazzee Organic Lemon Balm (Amazon)

Nootropics Expert Recommendation

Lemon Balm extract 300 – 600 mg per day

Nootropics Expert Tested and ApprovedI recommend using Lemon Balm as a nootropic supplement.

Your body does not make Lemon Balm on its own. So you must take it as a supplement.

Lemon Balm is especially helpful for those suffering from anxiety and stress. Studies show it helps stop and reverse the devastating effects of anxiety and stress on your brain, and body. This nootropic helps repair damage to brain cells caused by chronic stress and anxiety.

Lemon balm is reported to work well for those dealing with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Taming racing thoughts, and helpful in dealing with stressful situations.

Lemon balm is also helpful for those suffering from Alzheimer’s. It has been shown to help reduce agitation and improve symptoms of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. It may also be of benefit in relieving some symptoms of ADHD.

You can safely take up to 900 mg of Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) extract daily if needed. One dose first thing in the morning. One dose early afternoon. And the last dose in the evening.

And for memory, lemon balm is great to stack with CDP Choline and Acetyl L-Carnitine.

I use and recommend:  Zazzee Organic Lemon Balm (Amazon)

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. This post may also contain other affiliate links and I will be compensated if you make a purchase after clicking on my links.

[i] “Melissa officinalis” TimTec Nature Inspired Research Productsnaturalcompounds.org Retrieved May 29, 2016 (source)

[ii] Zeraatpishe A., Oryan S., Bagheri M.H., Pilevarian A.A., Malekirad A.A., Baeeri M., Abdollahi M. “Effects of Melissa officinalis L. on oxidative status and DNA damage in subjects exposed to long-term low-dose ionizing radiation.” Toxicology and Industrial Health. 2011 Apr;27(3):205-12. (source)

[iii] Kondo S., Omri A.E., Han J., Isoda H. “Antidepressant-like effects of rosmarinic acid through mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor modulation”Journal of Functional Foods Volume 14, April 2015, Pages 758–766 (source)

[iv] Kennedy D.O., Wake G., Savelev S., Tildesley N.T., Perry E.K., Wesnes K.A., Scholey A.B. “Modulation of mood and cognitive performance following acute administration of single doses of Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm) with human CNS nicotinic and muscarinic receptor-binding properties.” Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003 Oct;28(10):1871-81. (source)

[v] Luan H., Kan Z., Xu Y., Lv C., Jiang W. “Rosmarinic acid protects against experimental diabetes with cerebral ischemia: relation to inflammation response.” Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2013 Feb 17;10:28. (source)

[vi] Yoo D.Y., Choi J.H., Kim W., Yoo K.Y., Lee C.H., Yoon Y.S., Won M.H., Hwang I.K. “Effects of Melissa officinalis L. (lemon balm) extract on neurogenesis associated with serum corticosterone and GABA in the mouse dentate gyrus.” Neurochemistry Research. 2011 Feb;36(2):250-7. (source)

[vii] Sohrabi H.R., Bates K.A., Rodrigues M., Taddei K., Martins G., Laws S.M., Lautenschlager N.T., Dhaliwal S.S., Foster J.K., Martins R.N. “The relationship between memory complaints, perceived quality of life and mental health in apolipoprotein Eepsilon4 carriers and non-carriers.” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2009;17(1):69-79. (source)

[viii] Wake G., Court J., Pickering A., Lewis R., Wilkins R., Perry E. “CNS acetylcholine receptor activity in European medicinal plants traditionally used to improve failing memory.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2000 Feb;69(2):105-14. (source)

[ix] Liu Z., Niu W., Yang X., Wang Y. “Effects of combined acupuncture and eugenol on learning-memory ability and antioxidation system of hippocampus in Alzheimer disease rats via olfactory system stimulation.” Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2013 Jun;33(3):399-402. (source)

[x] Obulesu M., Rao D.M. “ Effect of plant extracts on Alzheimer’s disease: An insight into therapeutic avenues.” Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice. 2011 Jan;2(1):56-61. (source)

[xi] Kennedy D.O., Little W., Scholey A.B. “Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in humans after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm).” Psychosomatic Medicine. 2004 Jul-Aug;66(4):607-13. (source)

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Join The Discussion - 157 comments

Emma
March 28, 2021

Hi David,
Hope you’re well.
I’ve tried lemon balm a few times now and always end up crying? Do you know why this would be?
Thanks

    David Tomen
    March 28, 2021

    Emma, maybe because you love it so much! Just teasing you.

    The only explanation I can think of is it does boost extracellular levels of GABA in your brain. Maybe the availability of extra GABA makes you cry?

      Emma
      March 28, 2021

      Thanks David .
      Lol sorry what I mean is I feel miserable and felt like can’t stop crying Like it gives me a come down hours later so I don’t love it . Thanks:)

Jon Moore
March 27, 2021

In your sleep stack you say you take this, what brand do you use and is it capsule or tincture? Thanks.

    David Tomen
    March 28, 2021

    I use this one: https://amzn.to/31vCpxa. And it’s capsules of Lemon Balm extract with zero toxic “other ingredients”.

Dale W. Selgrath
March 26, 2021

Hello David, I have a panic attack disorder that causes my heart rate to go above 100 bpm and blood pressure to 200/100. I take Lexapro 10mg and Xanax 0.5 mg daily along with Lisinopril 20mg. They keep it under control mostly but I would rather take some natural supplements eg., nootropics instead what would recommend for me and how should I titrate off the meds and try nootropics? I also have trouble falling asleep some racing thoughts and have ED since I am 72 yrs. I have low libido and sex problems. I’m sure that many seniors have some of the same problems. Any Ideas what could help? I love your website and am just learning! Thx

    David Tomen
    March 28, 2021

    Dale, Lemon Balm may help. You must be careful however which nootropics you try because you do not want to combine something that is contraindicated with any of the meds you are using. Choose the wrong one and it could kill you. Please carefully read the “Side Effects” section of every supplement you are considering to make sure you stay out of trouble.

    Lithium Orotate may also help but double-check the Side Effects section.

    And for sleep consider these: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-sleep-supplements-to-buy/. But again, check the Side Effects section for each supplement.

    Titrating off comes down to shear determination and willingness to put up with the withdrawal effects. There is no magic natural solution available for drug detox. You can thank the drug manufacturers for that.

Peter W
January 31, 2021

Hi David,
I am wondering if Lemon Balm affects the P450 enzymes in the liver, and could cause either an increase or decrease in the metabolism of Zyprexa (Olanzapine) which would affect the levels of this medication in the body, since Zyprexa is broken down in the liver?
Thank you in advance!

    David Tomen
    February 3, 2021

    Peter, if it’s not mentioned in my Side Effects section of the review above then the answer is “no”.

Andy
January 16, 2021

Can I take Lemon Balm, L-theanine, Bacopa, Rhodiola Rosea Vitamin D, and magnesium all in a single stack without one having any negative effects on the others cheers

    David Tomen
    January 16, 2021

    Andy, there is nothing contraindicated with that stack. But it depends on the dosage of each ingredient and if it works for you.

    If you have not used these supplements before I suggest trying one for 1 – 2 days and see how you feel. If nothing bad happens then add the next and use for 1 – 2 days. If nothing bad happens then add the next one for 1 – 2 days. Etc.

      Andy
      January 28, 2021

      How long does Lemon balm stay in the system? it’s water-soluble yes
      does it help the brain make more Gaba? or just bind on those receptors?

      Just wondering do all nootropics make your brain depending on them or is that only big pharma meds, just wondering if taking it for ages and then stopping can have withdrawal from no longer aiding the brain?

      Thanks

        David Tomen
        January 29, 2021

        Andy, Lemon Balm does not stay in your system for long which is why some use it 3-times per day.

        Lemon Balm inhibits the enzyme GABA transaminase which forces more GABA into the extracellular space in your brain. It does NOT make more GABA but forces the existing GABA in your brain to be available.

        And you don’t grow dependent on things like Lemon Balm so you won’t grow tolerant to it no matter how long you use it.

        Mike
        February 25, 2021

        Can you elaborate on the dependence piece please? I take benzodiazepines daily for chronic insomnia, and have cycled on and off lemon balm in attempts to make the medications last longer at night. Do you think that by somehow inhibiting GABA-T, I’ll be worsening my body’s attempts towards homeostasis? I do know of one case cited in the literature where a woman became dependent on Lemon Balm and was tapered off with Valium in a hospital, fyi; I’m curious about whether my attempts to “hack it” and increase the duration of the BZD’s would only make it harder for my body to manage the dependence I have on them.

        David Tomen
        February 26, 2021

        Mike, I suppose someone somewhere can become dependent on most anything. Including Lemon Balm. But it’s mechanism of action is nothing like benzos which are bitch to quit. That’s true dependence unless you’re willing to deal with the withdrawal symptoms of quitting.

        I don’t recommend combining things like Lemon Balm with benzos for all kinds of reasons which I’m not going to elaborate on here. Because it would take several pages to explain it.

        I have a hard time believing a case study where someone used Valium to help someone detox from Lemon Balm. It sounds like that study was paid for by a pharmaceutical company. Which is more common than most people think.

        It’s doubtful that using Lemon Balm will make it any harder to come off of benzos.

Steve
January 4, 2021

Hi David,

Is it necessary to take a break in between when taking Lemon balm? Any thing involves with GABA manipulation for a certain period of time will cause brain to stop doing it by itself and would cause withdrawal side effect when stop taking it, just like Benzo.

    David Tomen
    January 7, 2021

    Steve, herbs like Lemon Balm are nothing like a Benzo and how they work in your brain. I’ve been using Lemon Balm extract for a couple of years daily without any problem.

    This is NOT the type of supplement where you need to be concerned about cycling or tolerance.

      Steve
      January 15, 2021

      Hi David,

      Thank you David for your reply. Now I don’t worrying about the withdrawal side effect if I want to stop abruptly at any time.

      Can I take Lemon balm extract capsule a single dose of 470 mg per day? Solaray, 470 mg is lowest mg per capsule I could find online.

      Thanks 🙂

        David Tomen
        January 16, 2021

        Steve, yes, you can safely use Solaray’s supplement. But you may find that taking it early in the day is too much of a calming effect. Especially at that dosage. So you may need to take it before bed.

        I personally prefer the Zazzee Lemon Balm extract because it’s pure and more potent: https://amzn.to/35MdhoE. But I do use it about 60 min. before bed.

        Steve
        January 20, 2021

        Thank you David for the Zazzee referral. I look up the zazzee bottle today and don’t understand 500 mg vs 1500 mg as described on the label. Can you please explain?

        David Tomen
        January 22, 2021

        Steve, the Zazzee Lemon Balm extract is 500 mg on one capsule. It would take 3 capsules to get 1,500 mg. Don’t let the 10:1 extract confuse you. Just go by the dosage recommendations on the label.

        I use 2 capsules of this extract 60 mins. before bed every night and it works great.

Emma
January 4, 2021

Hi David .
Could you please advise if this one is ok and how much to take?

Nature’s Sunshine Lemon Balm

I tried St. John’s wort and ashwaghnada and they weren’t right for me and desperate to get something immediately.

Thanks:)

    Emma
    January 4, 2021

    It will probably be too late by the time u get a chance to see this 🙂 I’m off to get this right now for stress and anxiety so hopefully 1 won’t knock me out asleep as it’s morning and I have my 2 year old all day .

      David Tomen
      January 7, 2021

      Emma, my apologies for such a late reply. A Windows update wiped my PC so I’ve been incommunicado for the last few days.

      This Lemon Balm extra may be OK but it’s difficult to tell because they don’t show their Supplement Facts label which to me is a red flag.

      They say nothing about a testing program on their website telling you if their products are any good.

      Here is an article I wrote that may help you: https://nootropicsexpert.com/7-tips-for-choosing-the-highest-quality-nootropic-supplements/

      Once you find a Lemon Balm extract supplement you are happy with follow the dosage recommendations above.

        Emma
        February 21, 2021

        Hi David, thanks so much for your reply . The chemist never had it . Although now I’ve ordered it on line and it says lemon balm leaf 1.95g
        (1950mg) equiv to 33mg Rosmarinic acid . Take one twice a day? I need it for stress. We don’t have any other options of lemon balm in Au .
        . I’m also about to start taking 2mg of Pro longed time released Circadian melatonin Tonight (script) I’m going to half it to begin with although apparently not supposed to with time released . I have tried all forms of magnesium and it makes me so angry and moody I don’t know why. It’s ok small amount in fortified weetbix or something but not supplements.
        Thanks

Paolo
November 22, 2020

Which active component in gotu kola increase glutamic acid decarboxylase ?
According this study it does by 40% https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18066140/

    David Tomen
    November 23, 2020

    Paulo, I checked out several clinical studies and all I came up with is an extract of Gotu Kola increases glutamic acid decarboxylase. Without mentioning what compound in Gotu Kola did this.

    Why do you ask?

      Paolo
      November 23, 2020

      Hi thanks for your answer,
      sorry i have just seen now i posted the question in the wrong place(Lemon balm instead of Gotu Kola).

      Unluckily i can get Gotu Kola just with 20% Asiaticoside via amazon. Madecassoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid seem not to be included/ not listed or in very small percentage.

      Its one of the less herbs which increase GAD witouth messing with gaba receptors, thats exactly what i was searching for.
      If its not asiaticoside which increase GAD activity i need to find something else.

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