L-DOPA (levodopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) is an amino acid synthesized in your brain by the amino acid l-tyrosine. L-DOPA is a precursor of several neurotransmitters including dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
Mucuna Pruriens contains L-DOPA in high concentrations. And is used as a nootropic because dopamine itself cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
Dopamine and norepinephrine are essential for memory, cognition, and a positive mood. A lack of either of these neurotransmitters can lead to a lower mood state, loss of memory, brain fog, poor energy, and more. And if left unchecked will eventually result in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s.
L-DOPA helps:
- Brain Health. L-DOPA helps to increase growth hormone levels in the brain. Boosting the production of neurons and glia cells affecting the formation of memories, and overall brain health.
- Neurotransmitters. L-DOPA is a necessary precursor for your brain to make dopamine. And dopamine is then synthesized into the neurotransmitters epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Affecting cognition, learning, memory, movement, motivation and pleasure.
- Neuroprotection. L-DOPA produces neuromelanins which are similar to the melanin pigment in your skin. In your brain they absorb toxic quinones, and chelate heavy metals like mercury and lead.
Overview
L-DOPA (levodopa, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) is an amino acid that’s naturally synthesized in your brain by the amino acid l-tyrosine.
L-DOPA is a necessary precursor to the neurotransmitter dopamine. Called a catecholamine, dopamine is then synthesized into the other catecholamines epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
Dopamine cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, but L-DOPA can. This is why we supplement with L-DOPA rather than dopamine.
And for a dopamine boost, neurohackers use Mucuna Pruriens, which contains high levels of L-DOPA.[i] This legume, native to the tropical regions of India, Africa and the West Indies, and also known as velvet bean, has been used in Ayurveda medicine since 1500 B.C.
The ancients used Mucuna Pruriens to treat things like snakebite, intestinal problems, sexual issues, and a melancholy mood.
Raising levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in your brain helps regulate mood and cognition.[ii]
Mucuna Pruriens vs. L-DOPA: What’s the Difference?
Mucuna Pruriens is an extract of the velvet bean plant that grows 3 – 18 meters in height. L-DOPA (levodopa) is usually synthetic and made in the lab.
The natural version of L-DOPA from Mucuna Pruriens is generally well-tolerated by most people. And the compounds in the plant are bio-identical to those chemicals naturally made in your body. Not so with synthetic L-DOPA.
Synthetic L-DOPA is metabolized into dopamine in your body by an enzyme called aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). And the majority of synthetic L-DOPA will be converted peripherally (not in the central nervous system and brain). This can cause problems.
So when used therapeutically, as in treating Parkinson’s Disease, L-DOPA is administered in combination with an inhibitor of peripheral AADC. Drugs like carbidopa (or other AADC inhibitors) ensure most of the L-DOPA is preserved for conversion to dopamine in the brain. And not the rest of your body.
This is critical for nootropic users to keep in mind. Chronic, or prolonged use of synthetic L-DOPA can lead to things like dyskinesia. This is a movement disorder where neurological discoordination results in uncontrollable, involuntary movements.[iii]
We’re not telling you this to dissuade you from using L-DOPA. Stick with an extract of Mucuna Pruriens and you should be fine.
How does L-DOPA Work in the Brain?
L-DOPA boosts brain health and function in several ways. But two in particular stand out.
- L-DOPA improves memory. It’s metabolized into dopamine in your body by an enzyme called aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). This increases dopamine levels in your brain.
Researchers at the University of Münster in Germany conducted a study with 40 healthy people. In this randomized double-blind study, they gave one group 100 mg of levodopa daily for 5 days. The other group took a placebo.
90 minutes later on each day, subjects were given a memory test based on vocabulary. The study found that levodopa significantly enhanced the speed, overall success, and long-term retention of novel words.[iv]
- L-DOPA promotes brain health. Research suggests Mucuna Pruriens protects your brain by regulating cognitive and neural functions. And even encouraging neural activity.
Researchers in India showed that Mucuna Pruriens is a potent antioxidant. They performed assays to evaluate the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in extracts. They found high levels of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannic acids, gallic acids, quercetin equivalents, and sitosterol equivalents.[v]
All of these compounds scavenge for free radical in your brain. Free radicals are formed during normal brain activity, like the synthesis of ATP that fuels your mitochondria.
Your brain is equipped to eliminate some of these free radicals on its own. But especially in today’s environment in which we live, your brain is overwhelmed. Free radicals cause inflammation which damages and can kill brain cells. Affecting memory, learning, recall, cognition and mood.
Mucuna Pruriens has been proven to be a very effective brain inflammation fighter. It even has the ability to chelate heavy metals like mercury and lead in brain cells. And it’s antibacterial.[vi]
Mucuna Pruriens helps your brain make naturally occurring neuronal pigments called neuromelanins. They’re similar to the melanin found in your skin. And they’re often found in regions of your brain where dopamine is active.
The synthesis of neuromelanins in the various regions of your brain is an important protective process. The melanic component is generated through the removal of reactive/toxic quinones that would otherwise cause neurotoxicity.
This melanic component promoted by Mucuna Pruriens is what chelates and accumulates toxic, heavy metals like mercury and lead.[vii] Preventing them from damaging brain cells.
How things go bad:
As we get older, our brain chemistry and energy metabolism changes.
↓ Dopaminergic neurons are damaged or die
↓ Dopamine levels decline
↑ Stress levels increase
↓ Long-term memory and mood decline
All of these age-related changes are contributing factors to the neurodegenerative diseases of aging, including Parkinson’s Disease.
L-DOPA to the rescue
Mucuna Pruriens extract contains high levels of L-DOPA, the precursor to the crucial neurotransmitter dopamine. Dopamine is further synthesized into the neurotransmitters epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
Dopamine plays a critical role in learning and absorbing new information. Increasing brain levels of dopamine helps regulate mood and boosts cognition.
Research also suggests that Mucuna Pruriens provides antioxidants that defend against oxidative damage caused by free radicals.[viii]
How does L-DOPA feel?
Neurohackers report that using Mucuna Pruriens helps in multi-tasking, improving motivation, more focus, less stress, and a sense of calm.
You could find your energy levels increase, less brain fog, and a boost in overall mood. A more positive outlook on life. And an increase in libido.
The Research
Mucuna Pruriens helps reduce stress
A study was conducted to assess the role of Mucuna Pruriens in infertile men. It was done at King George’s Medical University in Lucknow, India. The study included 60 men who were undergoing infertility screening. And no surprise here; were found to be suffering from stress.
The control group in this study were 60 age-matched men who had initiated at least one pregnancy. The infertile men were given 5 grams of Mucuna Pruriens seed powder per day for 3 months. Semen samples were collected at the beginning of the study. And after 3 months of treatment.
The researchers found that treatment with Mucuna Pruriens significantly decreased stress levels. And increased sperm count to the same level as the fertile control group of men.
They “concluded that M. pruriens not only reactivates the anti-oxidant defense system of infertile men but it also helps in the management of stress and improves semen quality.”[ix]
L-DOPA improves learning
This study in Germany was done with 40 healthy subjects. They were given 100 mg of L-DOPA or a placebo for 5 days in a randomized, double-blind trial.
Subjects were trained on artificial vocabulary using a high-frequency, repetitive approach. This was done 90 minutes after L-DOPA administration on each day of the trial.
The researchers found that L-DOPA significantly enhanced the speed, overall success, and long-term retention of the words.[x]
L-DOPA as an anti-depressant
Increasing dopamine in your brain also boosts your mood and libido. This study was done in India with mice. Researchers used the well-known Forced Swimming Test (FST), Tail Suspension Test (TST), and Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) test.
The mice were fed Mucuna Pruriens seed extract, and then evaluated while performing, well… what mice do in the lab. The research team found that Mucuna Pruriens seed extract has significant antidepressant qualities. Which would simply verify what we already know in humans.[xi]
Using Mucuna Pruriens extract is a great anti-depressant.
Dosage Notes
L-DOPA (Mucuna Pruriens 98% extract) suggested dosage for cognitive benefits is 250 – 500 mg per day.
We recommend that you cycle the use of L-DOPA (Mucuna Pruriens). And use it only 4 or 5 days a week. This will help avoid tolerances and dependencies (which are common with any dopamine agonist).
Side Effects
L-DOPA is produced naturally in your body. So is considered well-tolerated and safe. And L-DOPA from Mucuna Pruriens extract is particularly well tolerated by most people.
Research shows that the natural form of L-DOPA from Mucuna Pruriens compared to synthetic versions of L-DOPA provides similar results. But without the common side effects of nausea, vomiting, and involuntary muscle movement.[xii]
But be very careful when working with dopamine. Too much and you can experience symptoms like hair loss, auditory or visual hallucinations, psychosis, Dyskenesia and more.
Of course, if you begin to experience any of these side effects, stop supplementing with L-DOPA (Mucuna Pruriens) immediately.
Like any natural supplement, it’s always better to find an organic source.
Available Forms
Mucuna Pruriens is typically available in powder, capsule or tablet form. Some are pure, dried Mucuna Pruriens powder.
Several manufacturers offer Mucuna Pruriens extracts ranging from 15% – 98% L-DOPA. Or they tell you how many mg of L-DOPA is in each capsule or tablet.
A few manufacturers call it “Velvet Bean Extract” with the percentage of L-DOPA in each capsule or tablet. It’s the same as Mucuna Pruriens.
Try to find “organic” or “certified organic” if you can. And for Nootropic use, avoid synthetic L-DOPA which is typically used to treat Parkinson’s Disease.
Nootropics Expert Recommendation
L-DOPA (Mucuna Pruriens) 250 – 500 mg per day
We recommend using L-DOPA as a nootropic supplement.
Your body does synthesize some L-DOPA on its own. And converts it into the essential neurotransmitters dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
But as you get older, dopamine receptors die. Or your body doesn’t convert the necessary amino acids well enough to supply the neurotransmitters you need for an optimized brain.
L-DOPA is helpful to boost energy and motivation levels, memory, clear brain fog, improve mood and libido.
L-DOPA is especially helpful for those suffering from neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s. And the natural form of L-DOPA from Mucuna Pruriens often offers better results with fewer side effects than prescription drugs.
We suggest starting with a dose of 100 – 250 mg daily for nootropic use. L-DOPA should be cycled. Use it for 4 or 5 days and take a break. Tolerance is often a problem when working with dopamine. As is dependence or addiction.
[i] Prakash D., Niranjan A., Tewari S.K. “Some nutritional properties of the seeds of three Mucuna species.” International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 2001 Jan;52(1):79-82. (source)
[ii] Amsten A., Wang M., Paspalas C. “Neuromodulation of Thought: Flexibilities and Vulnerabilities in Prefrontal Cortical Network Synapses”Neuron Volume 76, Issue 1, p223–239, 4 October 2012 (source)
[iii] Jenner P. “Molecular mechanisms of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.”Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2008 Sep;9(9):665-77 (source)
[iv] Knecht S., Breitenstein C., Bushuven S., Wailke S., Kamping S., Flöel A., Zwitserlood P., Ringelstein E.B. “Levodopa: faster and better word learning in normal humans.” Annals of Neurology. 2004 Jul;56(1):20-6. (source)
[v] Uma S., Gurumoorthi P. “Dietary antioxidant activities in different germplasms of Mucuna.” Journal of Medicinal Food. 2013 Jul;16(7):618-24 (source)
[vi] Bala V., Debnath A., Shill A., Bose U. “Anti-Inflammatory, Diuretic and Antibacterial Activities of Aerial Parts of Mucuna pruriens Linn.”International Journal of Pharmacology 2011 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 4 | Page No.: 498-503 (source)
[vii] Zecca L., et. Al. “New melanic pigments in the human brain that accumulate in aging and block environmental toxic metals” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 2008 Nov 11; 105(45) (source)
[viii] Yadav S.K., Prakash J., Chouhan S., Singh S.P. “Mucuna pruriens seed extract reduces oxidative stress in nigrostriatal tissue and improves neurobehavioral activity in paraquat-induced Parkinsonian mouse model.” Neurochemistry International. 2013 Jun;62(8):1039-47 (source)
[ix] Shukla K.K., Mahdi A.A., Ahmad M.K., Jaiswar S.P., Shankwar S.N., Tiwari S.C. “Mucuna pruriens Reduces Stress and Improves the Quality of Semen in Infertile Men.” Evidence Based Complement and Alternative Medicine. 2010 Mar;7(1):137-44 (source)
[x] Knecht S., Breitenstein C., Bushuven S., Wailke S., Kamping S., Flöel A., Zwitserlood P., Ringelstein E.B. “Levodopa: faster and better word learning in normal humans.” Annals of Neurology. 2004 Jul;56(1):20-6. (source)
[xi] Rana D.G., Galani V.J. “Dopamine mediated antidepressant effect of Mucuna pruriens seeds in various experimental models of depression.” Ayu. 2014 Jan;35(1):90-7. (source)
[xii] Tharakan B., Dhanasekaran M., Mize-Berge J., Manyam B.V. “Anti-Parkinson botanical Mucuna pruriens prevents levodopa induced plasmid and genomic DNA damage.” Phytotherapy Research. 2007 Dec;21(12):1124-6. (source)
Hello – will Mucuna Pruriens lose it’s effectiveness over time – similar to L-dopa – for Parkinson’s disease patients? Thanks!
Jez, I haven’t a definitive answer for you on this. But it is well established that using dopamine precursors like Mucuna long-term need to be cycled to maintain their effectiveness. Or you develop tolerance. Common sense tells me the same holds true for synthetic Levodopa.
For example, use recommended doses of Mucuna for 5 days and don’t take it for the following 2 days. No guarantees but you should be OK. And with natural Mucuna you shouldn’t develop the side effects that come with long-term usage of Levodopa.
Hi,
Does using Mucuna Pruriens for longer periods of time also cause side effects such as hair loss (as with the synthetic L-Dopa)?
Thanks.
Sam, I have not come across any evidence of side effects with Mucuna as you’d get from using synthetic L-DOPA. That’s why I recommend using Mucuna instead of the prescription drug. If anyone else knows otherwise, please join this conversation! Thanks, David
yes it does,happened to meat high doses
Brian, at what dosage are you talking about?
Hi, can it be taken sublingually? Thanks
I suppose you could take Mucuna sublingually. Just not sure why you would want to. There are several different compounds in the Mucuna plant which are all used by your body and brain. And the different pathways that are used to make use of these compounds include your digestive system. Do you have experience using this nootropic sublingually?
I tried taking a 99,0% L-Dopa powder sublingually. The dosage was 250mg.
After application I noticed a little increase in mood. Could also be placebo, so I will up the dose.
The reason for my question is connected to the fact, that I am eating meals that contain protein all day long and that’s a problem for absorbing L-Dopa via the digestive system.
Hi David, I ordered what I thought was 120 mg of l- dopa. I wanted to start out low and work my way up.Could you tell me how much L-Dopa I am really getting in this form. When the supplement arrived the label read this:
Mucuna extract (Mucuna spp) 800 mg
(seed) (min. 15% L-Dopa, naturally occurring)
_____________________________________
L-Dopa 120 mg
Tammy, it looks like a NOW Foods Mucuna label which would mean 800 mg of Mucuna Pruriens standardized at 15% resulting in 120 mg of L-Dopa in a 2 capsule dose. One capsule of course would be 60 mg of L-Dopa. I use 2 capsules per day taken with my morning nootropic stack and it works for me. You may want to start with one capsule and see how your body reacts.
You know, those labels can be confusing, especially when you do not know how the dosing works.I was not sure how much was in there and if it was to much. Thanks for clearing that up for me. Yes , you were right , it was a Now food label.
Hi David, I tried the L-Dopa, first time really bad headache, I waited a couple days and tried it again same reaction. So I guess my body is telling me I do not need L-Dopa. Or is it just a side effect that would go away in time. I have not taken it again because the headaches are very bothersome they last about 2 hrs.
Tammy, if L-DOPA gives you a headache it’s your body telling you either that you have too much dopamine. Or that you’ve over-powered serotonin. Dopamine and serotonin must be in balance or nasty things happen. And increasing dopamine with L-DOPA will cause serotonin levels to drop. I use L-DOPA because I’ve learned that my brain is desperate for it. But I also use very small amounts of 5-HTP to keep my serotonin levels up.
L-DOPA is also a heavy metal chelator. The headaches could be from detoxing heavy metals. Either way it may be best for you not to use L-DOPA. Or cut your dose in half (or less) and see if you have the same reaction. If it is detox that’s causing the headaches, smaller doses will still get rid of the heavy metals but to a lesser degree. Eventually your body will be clear of metals and detox symptoms should subside. But it might be an unpleasant ride.
David, I am taking 100 mg a day of Zoloft to increase my serotonin. So taking 120 mg of L-dopa should have not over powered my serotonin. The headaches must be from the detox symptoms.
Tammy, Zoloft is a “selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor”. It doesn’t actually increase serotonin. It just prevents whatever serotonin that is available from being broken down. BTW, it’s also a dopamine reuptake inhibitor (but to a much lesser degree than for serotonin). It could be that the combination of Zoloft and L-DOPA is causing excess levels of norepinephrine which is synthesized from dopamine. Which can cause headaches.
Hi David,
I suspect i have less serotonin as i have physical symptoms of anxiety like heavy chest and breathing all day and sometimes palpitations also. but i do manage pretty well without medicines and don’t give it much attention. However, due to it my libido and erection issues or PE have become common and earlier i used to have strong erections and no Premature Ejaculation issues as well. So, is it possible that nor epinephrine levels are high but my dopamine and serotonin is low ? what should i do to correct it as if i try to increase dopamine it will further increase nor epinephrine. Also, could acetylcholine be the issue here ? as its the message carrier in the nerves for the stimulation to happen too. I am presently taking l-tryptophan 500 mg daily besides L-citruline and GABA but all this doesn’t seem to help me with my PE or erection or libido issues. i am able to tolerate physical symptoms of anxiety well but i want my sex life to be fixed. Plz suggest….
Dany, you need to fix the anxiety issues first. Because if you do not, fixing ED and ejaculation issues will be an uphill battle.
Please review these two posts on dealing with anxiety:
https://nootropicsexpert.com/top-7-nootropic-adaptogens-to-conquer-anxiety-and-stress/
https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-social-anxiety/
Next, I highly recommend you have your testosterone and estradiol levels checked. I’ve found a great way to balance and boost sex hormones is using a stack called Prime Male which you can find here > http://www.primemale.com/. You notice that most of the ingredients are reviewed here on Nootropics Expert. And while I review supplements for brain health, many of them have an effect on the rest of your body. Including sex hormones.
David, i got my total testosterone levels checked and it was TT 483 ng/dl, DHEA 198 ug/dl and normal ranges of cortisol and Vit B12. which is why i was suspecting high norepinephrine levels (primarily a stress hormone).I am not sure which supplement to use. I checked the stack “primemale” and it has L-Dopa (mucuna) which will increase dopamine and dopamine is a precursor to norepinephrine (a stress hormone). Kindly suggest what should i stack..as i think reducing norepinephrine and increasing Serotonin and dopamine is the key…but dopamine being precursor to norepeniphrine…i am sort of lost in the middle..as an how to balance it out..and use which supplement…please reply..
Dany, you are correct about Prime Male containing Mucuna. For now probably not a good idea. But many natural health practitioners would say that your total T-levels should be higher. More in the 700 – 800 range. While keeping estradiol in check. And Free T-levels in the upper range. I personally only start feeling “normal” when my total T-levels are in the 1200 – 1300 range.
You must be very careful about boosting dopamine and serotonin because you need to keep them in balance. And as you know, excess dopamine is converted into norepinephrine. You can use L-Theanine to boost dopamine and serotonin safely. More here > https://nootropicsexpert.com/l-theanine/.
I recommend you start researching adaptogens in depth. For now, please take a look at Gotu Kola > https://nootropicsexpert.com/gotu-kola/. And Ashwagandha > https://nootropicsexpert.com/ashwagandha/. Either one will boost acetylcholine. But Ashwagandha also lowers cortisol, blood sugar and bad cholesterol.
And please take a look at this post again > https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-social-anxiety/. Specifically on the “norepinephrine” section and the “Natural Alternatives to Beta Blockers” section.
Hi David,
Great article here on L-Dopa – really informative. I recently discovered L-Dopa or Mucuna Pruriens. I’m 44 and consider myself very health conscious – diet, supplements, exercise etc. I have been curious about nootropics for a long time and have tried both supplements and nootropics. I have never had much luck as most make me feel weird or jittery or do nothing at all. I am definitely an “in my head’ type of person and have had some luck with supplements that I feel like calm my brain activity. GABA and other formulas for stress or a calm mind seem to affect me positively. While they are good, I have always wanted to something to help with focus. This past weekend I got the NOW Foods brand – Dopa Mucuna.
I took 1 on Saturday afternoon and could feel it within about 10 min. I felt alert, focused, yet calm. My mood improved as well. I took another later that night and didn’t notice it as much.
I slept pretty good and noticed similar positive effects the next day. I took 2 in the morning (recommended dosage) and felt good most of the day. Good motivation and mood. By early evening I got really tired. I had dinner plans so I made an espresso (which I do all the time). Hold cow did it pep me up….like I have never felt. I felt like I was on the moon for about the next 3 hours. I felt really good, alert, engaged in everything.
Come Monday I did not take any. I want to take it slow and I am honestly trying to find something to take ‘as needed’ not everyday. Since then I have occasionally low level anxiety and/or feeling brain foggy. It’s almost like being depressed but there is no emotional component. I am still active and motivated as I was before taking the Dopa Mucuna but its like I feel physically different. A bit cloudy, off in some way. I might even have a mild headache at times too.
Wondering if you have any thoughts or ideas? Did I overdue it? I am thinking this isn’t for me but want to make sure I have nothing to be concerned about.
thanks!
Jay, thanks for sharing your experience with Mucuna Pruriens. It is a potent nootropic for boosting dopamine in your brain. To help you understand what happened when you had that espresso, see my post on caffeine here > https://nootropicsexpert.com/caffeine/. And how caffeine affects neurotransmitters including dopamine.
As you explore nootropics you’ll soon learn that “one pill” doesn’t work very well. It takes a “stack” to achieve the benefits you need daily. First, dopamine needs to be in balance with serotonin. If you boost one too much, you deplete the other. Once they are out of balance you experience things like headaches, fatigue and just feeling “off”.
A pre-formulated stack like Mind Lab Pro gives you that balance while providing the boost you are looking for: https://nootropicsexpert.com/mind-lab-pro-review/.
As you learn more about how nootropics work together and synergy you can start putting different supplements together. But until then I suggest you try something like Mind Lab Pro, or scan through the list of recommended stacks over on the blog. And see what appeals to you: https://nootropicsexpert.com/blog/
Thanks a lot David. Sounds like maybe I depleted serotonin. I have heard on Mind Lab Pro and will read your review. In the meantime, do you think whatever I knocked out of balance will naturally re-balance soon?
thank you
It should but you can help it along by using something to restores serotonin levels. Something mellow like L-Tryptophan before you go to bed. It’ll help you sleep and help restore serotonin. Also take a look at my post on adaptogens. There are a couple in there that help restore neurotransmitter balance. It’s why they are called “adaptogens”.
Hey David!
Thank you for making all this information so accessible. Apologies in advance for this question but I’ve been researching online and can’t find much definitive information.
My friend and I like to try different nootropics and both have incorporated Mucuna Puriens into our stacks in cycles of 4/5 days. So far the experience has been very positive however we are planning on going to festival soon and I am worried about potential negative interactions with some of the drugs we may choose to take recreationally.
While I am aware recreational drug use has an inherent risk would continuing use during the festival potentially increase that risk? i.e cocaine/MDMA/psilocybin/lsd after 100mg of Mucuna that morning/the morning before?
Joseph, great question and glad you asked. I’d be concerned about a possible hypertensive crisis if you did Mucuna the same day as some of these drugs. The best way to research this is Wikipedia oddly enough. Look up each drug and study its “pharmacology” and how it works in your brain. You do not want to use a nootropic that works on the same receptors, neurotransmitters or pathways. Because it will amplify the effects and cause problems. For the same reason we say no to use something like 5-HTP of St. John’s wort with SSRIs.
And if you decide to do MDMA, check out the “Research” section for ALCAR here: https://nootropicsexpert.com/acetyl-l-carnitine/#acetyl-l-carnitine-protects-from-oxidative-damage-of-ecstasy-mdma
Hi David,
I have had acute back pain for a few years now and 2 years back my doctor prescribed Percocet since nothing else would help me through the day. I have managed to stay below max daily dosage but can still feel dependence creeping in – fatigue, anxiety, low mood etc if I don’t take it at all. I’m new to nootropics and wondering if I could substitute a nootropic/stack that would help the pain as well as give my brain and mood a strong boost so I can get off opioids for good. I have to engage in extensive mental/stressful work and need significant focus, clarity and motivation on daily basis.
Thanks.
Moe, I use prescription opiates daily because of spinal fusion surgery. I’ve been using them for years and do not experience the symptoms you are describing.
Raw cacao or dark chocolate above 75% cacao helps potentiate opiates because it activates opiate receptors. Which means that opiates + dark chocolate or raw cacao work better for pain.
I realize this is a very personal decision. So can only tell you what I use every day: https://nootropicsexpert.com/what-i-take/. I do not experience tolerance to any of the prescription meds I use including opiates when using that stack daily.
Note that a couple of the supplements in my stack act as an anti-inflammatory. Including coconut oil, DHA and curcumin. But these need to used daily long-term to feel the effects of less pain.
Hi David!
I became your fan after I found your article on google. Your articles have provided me with a lot of reliable information. Thank you very much!
I am a 34 years old man who has a healthy body but has depression. I took prozac a few years ago for about a year and a half. It seemed to overcome depression, but recently it started again, and I decided to fight through supplements. and now I’m taking these things.
everyday morning – Omega-3 1 softgel(EPA800/DHA400), D 4,000IU, A 20,000IU, LifeExtension Super K 1 softgel, kelp 150mcg, B-right 1 capsule. And an hour before going to bed – Perika 4 tablet, Magtein 2 or 1 capsule, Magnesium 200mg , zinc balance 1capsule
About 5 months ago, I started to take SJW(Perika) 2 tablet, and 4 months ago increased it to 3 tablet. But a month and a half ago, I realized that it was no longer working, so a month ago I increased it to 4 tablet. I used to drink coffee everyday for a while, I felt the energy of the mind and body increased, but after a few days it didn’t work anymore. I felt that coffee works only when I drink it once a few days. But I have a little bit OCD (obsessive thinking and compulsion), after reading various articles that caffeine is not good for anxiety disorder, I stopped caffeine.
Recently, I started to wonder if my depression was caused by dopamine, while searching Google. Because I have sexual addiction, sugar cravings, Inability to experience pleasure, difficulty waking up in the morning, Poor memory etc. Now I want to try mucuna and I bought ‘Now Foods Dopa Mucuna’. so I would like to ask your opinion about my supplement list and whether mucuna can be added to this list. How should I adjust the dosage of SJW and mucuna? I’m going to start take mucuna 1 to 2 capsule, but if it doesn’t work anymore, do I have to increase mucuna, or SJW? And do you also recommend that this brand of mucuna take only four to five days a week? And I’d like to hear your opinion of caffeine intake in my case. I’m sorry and thank you for asking so many questions.
Jay, good sleuthing on your part and it does sound like you are tending towards a problem with dopamine.
I’ve been using Mucuna Dopa by NOW Foods for a long time and like the product. But I can’t recommend a particular dosage for you because each of us is unique. Start by following the dosage instructions in this review and see how it works for you.
Tolerance also seems to be different for everyone. I do not experience tolerance with Mucuna, but you may. The only way to find out is try it.
I just did a video on Inositol which showed in at least one clinical trial to be as effective as Prozac: https://youtu.be/K2MQ9p_XQhY
Please be careful with St. John’s wort. See the side effects section in this review: https://nootropicsexpert.com/st-johns-wort/
And some easily develop a tolerance to things like caffeine. I think you’ll continue to find it useful but not with the dramatic effects you are looking for. Try using it with L-Theanine. Either capsules (see the review) or 3 – 4 cups of organic green tea per day.
Thank you so much David!
I sincerely appreciate your specific and practical suggestion! OK! I’ll try these things!
Hi David
is it better to use MP on empty stomach ?
if i use powder 15% – 1 gram is to start with ?
thanks
Ran
Ran, L-DOPA is an amino acid so could compete for transport with other amino acids in a meal. So you may have better absorption if you took it on an empty stomach.
Even with 15% powder I’d suggest starting with half a dose (i.e. 500 mg) and see how your body reacts.
How do you take the powder? It gets clumpy in cold water. Doesn’t taking it in hot water deplete the l-dopa?
Michael, hot water shouldn’t affect it. Another option is make yourself some capsules using a machine like this: https://amzn.to/2q7kudL
I have ordered now dopa mucuna capsules that has been shown in your video. I hope i would be getting it in a day or two. I find it intrigued after watching your video about l dopa and mucuna pruriens and read your article. Well, thanks for the information!
Does it helps in giving good sleep at night? I find very difficult to get sleep at night and it actually ruins my plans, mood with low levels of energy in the next day. I did research about this herb and L dopa, some articles say it gives good sleep, motivation and other fascinating things. What is your thought on this? Also what is the best time to take the capsules and how to take it?
Mucuna is not used for sleep and if you take it too late in the day may interfere with sleep.
Please see this post on Best Nootropics for Sleep: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-sleep/
Thanks David! I watched your video on melatonin as well, but is it safe to take L dopa capsules and melatonin capsules on the same day at different time? Also i have a video here which says to take L tyrosine, 5HTP and vitamin B6 when taking L dopa or mucuna pruriens. What do you say about this?
You can use Vitamin B6 with L-DOPA because it’s needed to synthesize dopamine. And possibly 5-HTP to keep serotonin and dopamine in balance. But there is no reason to use L-Tyrosine while you are using Mucuna unless you are severely dopamine deficient.
And yes you can use Mucuna or L-DOPA on the same day as you use melatonin. Just please be careful about melatonin dosage. You’d be wiser to use something like L-Tryptophan.
You mean since L-Tryptophan is a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin and hormone melatonin, there is no need to take melatonin directly.
But if that’s the case, how are the effects work on the brain since taking melatonin induces sleep in no time and what about L -Tryptophan, i mean how much time it does take to induce sleep?
I find that it takes 60 – 90 minutes for L-Tryptophan to raise melatonin levels enough to induce sleep.
Thank you. Started using LDopea (MP).
Instructions say to first take 6 capsules on an empty stomach before bed. Noticed I do sleep better.
Wondering I’d I COULD lower the dose and take it during the day (say 250mil.) even with food. What’s the best time off day. Is caffeine ok in moderation with it?
I use the AFI brand. It reads: “250mil. per capsule. Then it reads, “take 6 daily at BEDTIME ON A EMPTY STOMACH….
(Cycle 3 months on and 1 month off.”
Isn’t this too much? Is there a better way?
Thanks in advance,
Vernon M. Scott
Vernon, L-DOPA is a direct precursor to dopamine which goes on make norepinephrine and epinephrine. This is the first time since I’ve been researching and using nootropics that someone would recommend taking L-DOPA before bedtime. It just doesn’t make sense because it’s more energizing than sedating.
Maybe I missed something here or have no idea what I’m talking about. Personally, I only dose L-DOPA in the morning, at noon and sometimes when I need it, mid-afternoon. And taking it with caffeine is fine. And I do not cycle L-DOPA either.
My brain and body need dopamine during the day and not while this body is sleeping. Not sure what else to say here …
So i can take L dopa in the morning and L Tryptophan in the evening or at night? Does taking these two in a day won’t harm the brain and body? I’m not a depressed guy, but i feel lazy in doing things and i procrastinate and that effects my energy, mood and cognition. I do not get sleep at night as soon as i fall on the bed and it affects on a lot of other things in the day, i used to work in shifts for more than 30 months and i had a terrible sleep cycle then. I get lot of thoughts and things happened in the past against my will power since i had put too much energy and emotions then when i go to sleep.
You insisted me to take L Tryptophan rather than Melatonin to induce nice sleep, i just wanted to know if taking L Tryptophan and L dopa or mucuna pruriens in a day would harm anything to the system.
Also do you have any good nootropics to boost will power? And will it be sustainable by the body or system to take L dopa and L Tryptophan and the nootropic you suggest to boost will power in the same day?
I’m sorry with too many questions, i just wanted to be clear on the facts since we are dealing with lot of supplements to take and don’t want to be in peril later. Thank you in advance David!
Take L-DOPA during the day to increase dopamine which will support motivation and energy. Take L-Tryptophan an hour before bed to boost melatonin to help you sleep. The key is to use both because you need dopamine and serotonin to remain in balance. If one is too high it suppressed the other.
Please see this post for ideas on increasing motivation and energy: https://nootropicsexpert.com/5-ways-nootropics-can-increase-your-success-in-business-and-life/
And this post for more on sleep: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-sleep/
Thanks Dave! Well in your article about sleep, it says You’ll get better results when supplementing with L Tryptophan as a sleep aid by stacking it with magnesium and Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) because they are required to synthesize serotonin. So i should do this at night before going to sleep. L dopa in the morning and these three at night.
Yes, L-DOPA earlier in the day, and the nootropics used for sleep 60 – 90 minutes before bed. Depending on your Mucuna Pruriens (L-DOPA) dosage you may want to take half in the morning and the other half at noon.
And also which form of magnesium is suitable? They have L threonate, citrate, oxide, glycinate and so on.
Some prefer using Magnesium L-Threonate because it is supposed to be more bioavailable. But I personally use magnesium glycinate with good success. Just make sure it’s the ‘chelated’ form if you decide to use magnesium glycinate.
Hello David, Thanks for your blog it has helped me alot. I am currently treating a pituitary tumour with Cabergoline (off label). I have had a horrible reaction on my first dosage which will be my last – synthetic dopamine.
I spoke to a guy from Byron bay in Australia who suggested Mucuna beans and then here I am on your blogging site. How much of this should I take a day? The now dopa mucana seems to have the best reviews. Headaches are common as dopamine stimulated the stem between the hypothalamus, pineal and pituitary glands – this actually corrects and balances your hormones over a period of time. I am using this to stop lactation (caused from contraceptive pill) which will shrink the tumour. Please help.. what are your thoughts on dosage?
Nicole, Cabergoline is a dopamine receptor D2 agonist. And not synthetic dopamine. All it does is encourage that dopamine receptor to not take up dopamine. Which makes more existing dopamine available in your brain.
Mucuna Pruriens is L-DOPA which is the step prior to synthesizing dopamine. So it is a dopamine precursor. And will make “more” dopamine rather prompt your brain receptors to release more dopamine. Does that make sense?
If you had a bad reaction to Cabergoline then don’t be surprised if you have a bad reaction to Mucuna as well. Not sure what to tell you here because I’m certainly no expert on reducing prolactin levels or stopping lactation.
Thank you for a great article, very informative.
I’m having a bit of trouble figuring out if a product I’m looking at is Mucuna Pruriens extract, or synthetic. Could you help shed some light on this?
The product I’m referring to is the Health Factors 99.6% L-Dopa Mood enhancer.
Thanks in advance,
Yevgeny
Yevgeny, I’m not familiar with the company “Health Factors” and know nothing about the quality of their product. I suggest finding the manufacturers website and finding out more about their testing procedures and where they source their raw materials from.
Hello, I am a 37 year old female with adult add. I am prescribed vyvanse, and take it once a day every morning. I have purchased the Now brand Dopa Mucuna in order to replenish lost dopamine
I am only on day 2 of the dopa. I have also been balancing out serotonin via a small 50mg dose of 5htp at bedtime.
I am not on any other medications or supplements. Do you think that this regiment will help to make my vyvanse work at a steady, consistent rate. What other advice can you give. I worked in pharmacy for 16 years, however, supplements (natural or otherwise) are not what is taught.
Heidi, you’re on the right track with Mucuna. The Adult ADD regimen described in this post is followed by thousands around the world because it works: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-adhd-add/
David, thanks for the fast response! I am sure I am not in the minority when it comes to the frustrations of ad(h)d medications, while also tying to do what is best for our bodies withoutout any permanent damage. There is still so much to be learned about the brain. But we must help each other as best we can with the little knowledge we have, scientifically speaking….along with trusting our gut instincts. Thank you so much for your knowledge and experience.
Side note— One thing I have notice that was unexpected with the Dopa Mucuna- maybe you can weigh in to help others. It makes me very tired. I was expecting the opposite. Have you heard of this?
Heidi, not sure why Mucuna would cause fatigue but I’m sure there’s evidence of this someplace. Because the label on the Himalaya Mucuna I got from Whole Foods says to take it before bed. I personally dose it in the morning and at noon without any fatigue issues.
You may want to try NALT or L-Tyrosine in that case for boosting dopamine.
Do you think there are dangers of taking mucuna if you also take Ritalin?
Frank, Mucuna provides L-DOPA which is the precursor to dopamine synthesis in your brain. Ritalin prevents the reuptake at dopamine receptors. So Mucuna should potentiate Ritalin.
But not everyone needs a direct precursor to dopamine. I think older guys and gals would get more benefit from using Mucuna in this scenario than younger people.
Hello, I take Citalipram 40mg daile and trazodine 150mg daily, Will Mucuna interfere with these 2 drugs. My Practitioner said she was unsure. and to start at a low dose of mucuna and see if it is tolerated. I plan to get the now version of mucuna. I really soaked in a lot of information from your presentation. Thank You.
Cleon, both Citalopram and Trazadone affect serotonin and its receptors. Mucuna affects dopamine and its receptors and transporters. I’m not aware of any contraindication between this nootropic and those drugs.
But remember that dopamine and serotonin need to be in balance. Mucuna will raise dopamine but the pharmaceuticals will not raise serotonin. They only make serotonin more effective. So you could run into a problem with dopamine overpowering serotonin at some stage. Which can cause problems.
Hi David,
I’ve battled GAD and MDD for about 8 years. For the first 4-5 years I mainly experimented with nootropics and had some success with that approach. Eventually, I grew frustrated with the endless combinations and inconsistencies so reached out to a psychiatrist and therapist and have been trying that route for about the last three years. I get by relatively well on a daily basis and feel more consistent as a result of being on an SSRI (Zoloft at 100mg for 3 months) which renders the GAD basically nonexistent and puts a damper on the MDD. I do yoga daily and eat a healthy, balanced and clean diet. No alcohol or recreational drugs. I take a Garden of Life Multi, Vit D and Omega 3 on a daily basis and then occasionally add in a Probiotic and Magnesium too.
From what I understand, it’s fairly common for people on SSRI’s to experience a certain amount of emotional and/or physical “flattening”. No matter what I do, I can’t seem to get the natural highs that I desire. Things like listening to great music, sex, a great conversation, food, and basically anything that should elicit an emotional response don’t give me that spark I desperately desire.
Based on your articles, it seems highly likely that my Dopamine/NE have been compromised as a result of being on the SSRI. Does this make sense to you? I’m open to taking pharmaceuticals or nootropics to try to offset the deficiency. I’ve enjoyed the effects of L-Dopa / Mucuna Pruriens in the past. My psychiatrist offered to increase the Zoloft to 150 but I’m thinking I’d prefer to try the nootropic route and experiment with my Dopamine/NE hypothesis before messing any more with Serotonin. I’m aware of the faint Dopamine inhibition in Zoloft so it’s possible I could get lucky. I think she would also be open to trying Wellbutrin as an NDRI if I provide a decent amount of conviction. Any other suggestions you might have?
Thank you!
Bob, what you describe is a very common side effect of antidepressants. Be careful about what you decide to try in the way of nootropics because of possible contraindications. Best way to find out ahead of time is to learn the exact mechanism of action for the drugs you are using.
Mucuna many help. I suggest checking out the reviews I’ve done recently for Maca and Saffron. One or the other or both as I recall helped with reducing some of the side effects of antidepressants.
Thank you!
i have questions about the l-dopa in the mucuna.
im sensitive when a take medication i have to take kids dosage or start very low anything so what is a low dosage of mucuna in mg of l-dopa ? 50mg of standardized l-dopa are a low dosage ?
i see on internet if you take mucuna is dangerous to destroy the the tyrosine hydroxylase this are true ?
thanks
Eric, 50 mg of Mucuna would be considered a dosage on the very lower end. And don’t believe everything you read on the Internet. 🙂
Tyrosine hydroxylase is the enzyme needed to convert L-Tyrosine into L-DOPA. Then the enzyme aromatic amino acid decarboxylase converts L-DOPA to dopamine. So the first step you mention doesn’t “destroy” the enzyme. It’s simply not needed. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065393/
thanks for the answer you reassure me about what i read for the tyrosine hydroxylase.
for the mucuna i buy 2 different brand and (bacopa monnieri for futur test) in case of custom block again my mucuna because is not legal in canada. last time with iherb i receive only 2 item and not my mucuna.
Sorry in my last post i make mistake about the dosage of mucuna i buy a 20% l-dopa version (100mg l-dopa avg if my conversion was good) this is a low dosage ? is better for me to take half capsule or not because im sensitive ?
for you info im autism,adhd,anxious etcs..i try many many medication with my doctor and im very atypical.
sorry for my english im french and thanks ! also you look very educated and serious .
Eric, Mucuna Pruriens extracts range from 15% – 98% so 20% is on the lower end. Some manufacturers also include how many mg of L-DOPA it works out to.
If you are extremely sensitive to supplements I’d try a half dose and see how you feel just to be safe.
ok im gonna start with half capsule of mucuna of 20% in case .
if i use the info of different manufacturer every 10% of l-dopa are 50mg l-dopa ? the conversion is good ? i have to give the info to my doctor when i gonna try mucuna.
i have 2-3 question about the bacopa if im not sure after my search. Im gonna send my question in the bacopa section in few days.
thanks and continue your good job to explain and reassure people. and sorry for my bad english.
Eric, not completely sure about the conversion because that is more of a question for the manufacturer. It’s likely close enough to share with your doc however.
Hi David,
Wow… so much info!
So, I’m ADHD (inattentive), and post menopausal (which makes symptoms worse), and untreated! So no surprise, reading all this is making my brain explode in complete confusion! haha!
I took the Organic Acids test a while back, which shows genetic tendencies and of course I’m super low in Dopamine and Norepinephrine. Translation, low energy and stupid. OK, not really stupid as we know ADHD folks are actually quite smart. But with untreated ADHD and very little estrogen, my brain doesn’t work very well.
Anyway, my MD recommended Effexor to raise norepinephrine levels. And which would help a myriad of other ADHD symptoms and some other issues going on. However researching Effexor, holy moly! Not sure I want to go down that road. I’m also not wanting to use Ritalin or Adderol if possible.
So, can I just take L-tyrosine to raise dopamine and norepinephrine. Can I add L-Dopa? And for sleep, currently I take 3mg of melatonin, but yeah, I’m pretty fuzzy in the morn. Now I’m wondering about Tryptophan instead.
I’m trying to keep it super simple, brain balanced and affordable. Any wisdom would be greatly appreciated!
Thanks so much!
Julie
Julie, I used the protocol outlined on the following page for exactly a year while NOT using Ritalin or any prescription stimulant. And it managed my Adult ADD beautifully: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-adhd-add/
3 mg of Melatonin is way too high a dose for most people. You are better off using a natural source of Melatonin like Tart Cherry Juice. Or L-Tryptophan which will help naturally make melatonin in your brain. More on sleep here: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-sleep/
thanks for all your info i appreciate !
take care !
Hi David,
I get a good response from using l-phenylalanine so I obviously need some more dopamine. My question is would Mucuna be a better option?
Thanks,
Kenneth, If you are getting a good response to L-Phenylalanine and need more dopamine I suggest moving the next step up the dopamine pathway and trying L-Tyrosine or NALT. If you find you need even more dopamine that’s when to try Mucuna.
What ratio of L-Tyrosine to Tryptophan or 5HTP would you recommend to ensure that there is a balance of dopamine and serotonin? Also is it worth adding a choline supplement also?
Thanks,
Kenneth, Generally about 2,000 mg L-Tyrosine to 500 mg L-Tryptophan. 5-HTP is much harder to recommend because it is a direct precursor to serotonin. So usually much less than L-Tryptophan. This balance can only be achieved by listening to your body and how you feel.
Alpha GPC or CDP-Choline is nearly always a great addition because your brain needs it for so many functions including signalling between neurons.
Much appreciated David.
Hi David,
I am currently taking Mucuna and GABA, but I am feeling very tired during the day. I think it must be the lack of tryptophon.
I need something to keep me energized.
What do you think? Tell me something to improve?
Jean, use Mucuna during the day and GABA and L-Tryptophan before you go to bed. And see if that helps.
Another way to boost energy is this stack: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-energy-supplements-to-buy-in-2019/
Hi David,
I take Bupropin and Amphetamine salts to treat depression and ADD. I strongly suspect that I have a dopamine deficiency, as I have 12 of the 14 symptoms listed on another web site.
Are there any dangers to using Mucuna with these prescription drugs?
JP, it is very likely that your brain is starved for dopamine and providing the precursors for dopamine synthesis could help. Please see my post on ADHD which address this issue: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-adhd-add/
Hi, This is fascinating. I have been weaning off of Venlafaxine (Effexor) slowly. Currently i am down to half the dosage i was. I am very pleased but notice my mood is increasingly “melancholy”. Should i take both L-Dopa and 5 HTP? And what dosage would you recommend to start with?
Thank you so much! Joy
Joy, Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (SNDRI). Which means that it is dangerous to try boosting serotonin or dopamine while taking this drug. Because you could easily cause Serotonin Syndrome or a hypertensive crisis.
I recommend NOT taking anything like L-DOPA or 5-HTP as long as you are using this medication. Way too risky.
Hi David,
Can Mucuna be used in conjunction with ALCAR and CDP-Choline?
Yes they can be used as a stack.
Hello David,
i’m from Holland so forgive me if my English isn’t perfect. I’ve bin using 50 mg 5-htp per day, but still felt fastly irritated, anxious etc. I’ve read your article about 5-HTP and your advice to combine it with a dopamine precursor. Last week i’ve combined the 5-HTP with 2 capsules of NWO Dopa Mucuna (built it up with 1 capsule a day). I stopped after 4 days to take a break with L Dopa, on your advice. Since i stopped i’ve felt a little down/depressed. On the site of Amazon (reviews L Dopa) some of the comments scared me. They said L-Dopa is dangerous and can permanently ‘damage’ your dopamine balance. Since i’ve been feeling down after stopping taking it, i’m affraid to use it anymore. Can you tell me what’s wrong and if it’s true that L-Dopa is ‘dangerous’?
Sebastian, don’t believe everything you read on the internet. Most of the time someone makes a false statement and it gets repeated countless times.
Your brain naturally has L-DOPA because it is the precursor to the synthesis of dopamine. However, synthetic L-DOPA (the kind used to treat Parkinson’s) is metabolized into dopamine in your body by an enzyme called aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). And the majority of synthetic L-DOPA will be converted peripherally (not in the central nervous system and brain). This can cause problems.
Mucuna Pruriens is natural L-DOPA and will not cause any harm unless you boost dopamine too much and it suppresses serotonin. This is why Mucuna and 5-HTP is a good combo as long as you dose them correctly.
There is no reason to cycle these nootropics if you are using recommended doses and it’s the right dose for you. The evidence is in how you feel when you don’t use Mucuna.
thanks David! Your advice on L-Dopa is cycling it 4/5 days a week. Should i take the 5-HTP all week or is it best to cycle this also?
Sebastian, it depends on what your body and brain need. You’ll learn to listen to your own body and how you respond to each of these nootropics. I don’t cycle either L-DOPA or 5-HTP and it works for me. But it may not for you. Trial and error is the only way to find out.
hello,
what do you think about taking l-dopa against mdma hangover?
Jan, ALCAR is a better option: https://nootropicsexpert.com/acetyl-l-carnitine/