Aniracetam (1-p-anisoyl-2-pyrrolidinone) is a fat-soluble ampakine nootropic in the racetam-class of compounds. Aniracetam is up to 10-times more potent than the original racetam, Piracetam.
Aniracetam was patented by Swiss-based pharmaceutical company F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG in the 1978. It is similar in structure to Piracetam. Aniracetam, like all racetam nootropics, has a pyrrolidone nucleus at its core.
Aniracetam is sold as a prescription drug (Ampamet, Draganon, Memodrin, Referan, Sarpul) in Europe. And as a supplement in the United States.
A favorite racetam among the nootropics community. Neurohackers use Aniracetam to boost memory and learning. And to relieve anxiety, depression, stress, and improve sociability.[i]
Aniracetam helps:
- Brain Optimization: Aniracetam significantly improves brain function after traumatic brain injury including stroke (ischemia).[ii] And enhances your brain’s ability to repair damaged cell membranes.
- Neurotransmitters: Aniracetam reduces the desensitization of glutamate (AMPA) receptors in your brain. Which boosts neural signaling by increasing the effectiveness of glutamate. Resulting in better focus and concentration.[iii]
- Brain Energy: Aniracetam improves memory and recall. It releases 200 – 300% more acetylcholine in the brain. Which can increase focus, and clarity of thought.[iv]
Table of Contents
Overview
Aniracetam is in the racetam-family of nootropic compounds. It is a fat-soluble ampakine nootropic. AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic) refers to one of three glutamate receptors in your brain.[v]
The racetam-class of nootropics have a pyrrolidone nucleus at their core. And Aniracetam is a Cholinergic compound, meaning it affects acetylcholine levels in the brain.
Aniracetam is sold as a prescription drug in Europe and some of Asia under the names Ampamet, Draganon, Memodrin, Referan, and Sarpul. It is sold as an over-the-counter, unrestricted compound in the United States. But not as a dietary supplement.
One of the original synthetic nootropic compounds, it is known as a cognitive enhancer. And is known for its anxiolytic, or anti-anxiety effects.
Aniracetam is considered to be up to 10-times more potent than Piracetam. As an ampakine nootropic, it helps increase attention span, alertness and boosts memory.
Ampakines tend to have a stimulant effect. But do not produce the same stimulant side effects as Ritalin or coffee from prolonged use.
Aniracetam vs. Piracetam: What’s the Difference?
Swiss-based pharmaceutical company F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG developed Aniracetam in the late 1970’s as a derivative of Piracetam.
Aniracetam is fat-soluble while Piracetam is water-soluble. Fat-soluble molecules cross the blood-brain barrier more easily than water-soluble molecules.
Aniracetam works faster in the brain after taking it than Piracetam because of its superior bioavailability to the brain. But its effects don’t last as long as Piracetam.
The potency of Aniracetam seems almost counter-intuitive. Because most of an Aniracetam dose is lost in the liver during digestion. Only 0.2% or the original dose is available to the brain.[vi] Piracetam is nearly 100% bioavailable.[vii]
Both Aniracetam and Piracetam are cognitive enhancers. And both have neuroprotective qualities. Both racetams are able to improve learning and memory. And both are able to repair brain damage.
Aniracetam has additional benefits not shared with Piracetam. Aniracetam can reduce anxiety, depression and fear. And increase sociability.[viii] This may indicate its effects on dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain.
How does Aniracetam Work in the Brain?
Aniracetam boosts brain health and function in several ways. But two in particular stand out.
- Aniracetam modulates AMPA receptors in the brain. The main metabolite of Aniracetam (70-80%) is N-anisoyl-GABA and is responsible for many of its effects.
2-Pyrrolidinone and p-anisilic acid are additional metabolites of the drug (20-30%), both of which are also active.[ix]
The main function of these metabolites is on the glutamate system in the brain. It reduces the desensitization of glutamate receptors. This causes the neurotransmitter glutamate to become more available in the brain.
More glutamate means better cognition and memory. And neural protection and repair due to brain injury.
- Aniracetam also seems to affect dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain. Leading to improved mood and sociability.
One study published in the European Journal of Pharmacology demonstrated the anti-anxiety effects of Aniracetam. Researchers tracked the brain pathways in mice showing Aniracetam’s mechanism of action.[x] Illustrating the effect on dopamine and serotonin.
How things go bad
Glutamate is an excitatory relative of GABA. While GABA has a calming effect, glutamate stimulates. Glutamate is the most common neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
But glutamate is actually toxic to neurons. And too much of it in your brain can kill brain cells. Lou Gehrig’s Disease for example, is caused by excess glutamate.
But glutamate is a pivotal neurotransmitter in the brain. It links the brain circuits involved in memory, learning and perception.
↑ Too much glutamate can kill neurons
↓ Too little glutamate can cause problems with memory, learning and perception
↓ Acetylcholine levels decline
All of these changes can happen at any age. And are a product of the food we eat, what we drink, lifestyle habits, the air we breathe and more.
So Aniracetam can help for age-related cognitive decline, as well as a student looking to do better in school. By boosting acetylcholine and controlling glutamate in the brain.
Aniracetam benefits
Aniracetam modulates AMPA receptors which are involved in how glutamate is used in your brain. More of the neurotransmitter glutamate is available. Which means better neural signaling across synapses. Your brain is working optimally despite stress, fatigue and anxiety.
There is anecdotal evidence that Aniracetam boosts communication between left and right brain hemispheres. You become more creative. And are prone to making innovative and resourceful decisions.
Aniracetam combined with choline boosts the production of the crucial neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Improving memory, recall and focus.
Aniracetam is fat-soluble and quickly enters your brain after you take it. Once in your brain, it boosts signal transmission, and protects neurons.
Aniracetam boosts acetylcholine so you should add a good choline source. Try Alpha GPC or CDP-Choline with Aniracetam. And give your brain the choline it needs.
How does Aniracetam feel?
Nootropics users report:
- Aniracetam as a study aid. On its own, Aniracetam seems to increase attention span for many neurohackers. And when combined with caffeine, many report being able to work effortlessly for hours on end.
Increased auditory perception. If you love music, Aniracetam can take you deeper into your listening experience. Minute details like background guitars, and other auditory effects come alive. Every instrument becomes part of the sound stage.- Increased visual acuity. The visual effects of Aniracetam feel like your brain is processing a broader spectrum of what’s in your visual range. Nature and your surroundings look more vibrant and beautiful.
- Sociability. Many users report being able to articulate thoughts, and improved speaking ability. Language and your vocabulary seem to flow effortlessly. Thoughts and ideas come with less effort.
You should be able to experience the effects of Aniracetam soon after you take it. It’s fat-soluble so it’s digested and enters your cells quickly. A 750 mg dose of Aniracetam should last for several hours. And unlike other stimulants, there is no “crash” once Aniracetam leaves your system.
Aniracetam Clinical Research
Researchers worked with 276 patients with cognitive disorders. They were given Aniracetam and tested at 3, 6 and 12 months.
Improved emotional states and better motor functionality was observed within 3 months. A boost in cognitive performance was observed within 6 months.
Findings concluded Aniracetam “is a promising option for patients with cognitive deficit” disorders. Improvements held throughout the 12-month study. And there was a favorable effect on emotional stability in patients with dementia.[xi]
Aniracetam as an Antidepressant
A study published in Psychopharmacology in 2001 showed Aniracetam helped stimulate the release of dopamine. The study reported Aniracetam as effective against depression caused by age-related brain dysfunction.[xii]
Aniracetam Improves Learning & Memory
Researchers put rats and mice through six scenarios. From drug-induced memory loss to electric shock avoidance, while administering Aniracetam. The results of all tests conclusively showed Aniracetam improving cognitive function. It didn’t matter what they put these animals through. Learning and memory improved with the use of Aniracetam.[xiii]
Aniracetam Repairs Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
We’re exposed to toxins everywhere we go. And in everything we do during our day. This toxin exposure wreaks havoc in our body, including our brain.
In this study, scientists showed one way to repair damage to synaptic transmission in the brain. They exposed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to ethanol and a saccharin-like sweetener. Pups born to these female rats would normally be extremely cognitively 
impaired. Just like babies born to alcoholic mothers.
In this study, the pups born with fetal alcohol syndrome were treated with Aniracetam 18 and 27 days after birth. Aniracetam completely restored synaptic transmissions in their brains. And reversed any cognitive deficits associated with fetal alcohol syndrome.[xiv]
Aniracetam Dosage
Recommended Aniracetam dosage is 1,500 mg per day. Taken in two 750 mg doses. One Aniracetam dose in the morning, and one in the early afternoon.
A 750 mg dose of Aniracetam taken in the morning will last until noon. And a noon 750 mg dose of Aniracetam should last until about mid-afternoon.
Aniracetam is sold in tablet, capsule and powder form. Tablets and capsules are usually 750 mg each.
Since Aniracetam is a fat-soluble nootropic, you should take it with a meal containing healthy fats. Or with a tablespoon of unrefined coconut oil, or extra virgin olive oil. My preferred healthy fat is a tablespoon of the new organic, non-GMO Performance Lab® MCT Oil.
Aniracetam Side Effects
Aniracetam is non-toxic. So is considered well-tolerated and safe.
Side effects are rare but can include anxiety, fatigue, headaches, nervousness and nausea. Side effects are often a result of unusually high doses of the nootropic.
Headaches from using Aniracetam typically happen when you forget to combine it with a good choline supplement. Headaches are often a symptom of a choline deficit in your brain.
Where to Buy Aniracetam
Aniracetam is sold in tablet, capsule and powder form. Tablets and capsules are usually 750 mg each.
You can buy Aniracetam from Smart Nutrition – Aniracetam in capsules or tubs of powder.
In Europe and some other countries around the world, Aniracetam is a prescription drug. And sold under the brand names Ampamet, Draganon, Memodrin, Referan, and Sarpul.
Nootropics Expert Recommendation
Aniracetam 1,500 mg per day
I recommend using Aniracetam as a nootropic supplement.
Your body does not make Aniracetam on its own. So to get its benefits you must take it as a supplement.
Aniracetam is especially helpful for those suffering from depression. Studies show it helps stop and reverse the symptoms associated with depression. This nootropic helps boost the activity of dopamine and serotonin in your brain.
Personally, I’ve found Aniracetam to be more effective (and safer) than any prescription anti-depressant I’ve ever tried.
Aniracetam is also particularly useful to students and executives who want to boost cognition, learning and memory. My experience using Aniracetam shows it helps boost study scores, workflow, learning and memory.
Aniracetam also helps improve verbal fluidity and sociability. Words seem to come easily, and vocabulary you didn’t know you had access to come into play.
Music sounds richer and fuller, and your listening experience enters a new level of music appreciation.
You should use Aniracetam with a good choline supplement like Alpha GPC or CDP-Choline. It helps boost neural acetylcholine, so demands the presence of more choline in your brain.
You can safely boost daily intake of Aniracetam to 3,000 mg. if needed.
You can buy Aniracetam from Smart Nutrition – Aniracetam in capsules or tubs of powder.
And don’t forget that Aniracetam is a fat-soluble nootropic. So must be taken with a healthy fat for best results. My preferred healthy fat is a tablespoon of the new organic, non-GMO Performance Lab® MCT Oil.
[i] Malykh A.G., Sadaie M.R. “Piracetam and piracetam-like drugs: from basic science to novel clinical applications to CNS disorders.” Drugs. 2010 Feb 12;70(3):287-312. (source)
[ii] Gabryel B., Chalimoniuk M., Małecki A., Strosznajder J. “Effect of aniracetam on phosphatidylinositol transfer protein alpha in cytosolic and plasma membrane fractions of astrocytes subjected to simulated ischemia in vitro.” Pharmacological Reports 2005 Sep-Oct;57(5):664-9. (source)
[iii] Isaacson J.S., Nicoll R. A. “Aniracetam reduces glutamate receptor desensitization and slows the decay of fast excitatory synaptic currents in the hippocampus” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the United States of America vol. 88, pp. 10936-10940, December 1991 (source)
[iv] Zhao X., Kuryatov A., Lindstrom J.M., Yeh J.Z., Narahashi T. “Nootropic drug modulation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat cortical neurons.” Molecular Pharmacology 2001 Apr;59(4):674-83. (source)
[v] Purves D., Augustine G.J., Fitzpatrick D., et al., editors. “Glutamate Receptors” Neuroscience. 2nd edition. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates; 2001. (source)
[vi] Roncan G. “Human Pharmacokinetics of Aniracetam” Springer – Drug Investigation June 1993, Volume 5, Supplement 1, pp 68-72 (source)
[vii] Gouliaev A.H., Senning A., “Piracetam and other structurally related nootropics” Brain Research Reviews 19 (1994) 180-222 (source)
[viii] Nakamura K. “Aniracetam: Its Novel Therapeutic Potential in Cerebral Dysfunctional Disorders Based on Recent Pharmacological Discoveries” CNS Drug Reviews 2002 Neva Press, Branford, Connecticut Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 70–89 (source)
[ix] Testa B., Mayer J.M. (1 August 2003). Hydrolysis in Drug and Prodrug Metabolism. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 109–. ISBN 978-3-906390-25-3.
[x] Nakamura K., Kurasawa M. “Anxiolytic effects of aniracetam in three different mouse models of anxiety and the underlying mechanism.” European Journal of Pharmacology 2001 May 18;420(1):33-43. (source)
[xi] Koliaki C.C., Messini C., Tsolaki M. “Clinical Efficacy of Aniracetam, Either as Monotherapy or Combined with Cholinesterase Inhibitors, in Patients with Cognitive Impairment: A Comparative Open Study” CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics Volume 18, Issue 4, pages 302–312, April 2012 (source)
[xii] Nakamura K, Tanaka Y. “Antidepressant-like effects of aniracetam in aged rats and its mode of action.” Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 2001 Nov;158(2):205-12. (source)
[xiii] Cumin R., Bandle E.F., Gamzu E., Haefely W.E. “Effects of the novel compound aniracetam (Ro 13-5057) upon impaired learning and memory in rodents.” Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 1982;78(2):104-11. (source)
[xiv] Wijayawardhane .1, Shonesy B.C., Vaglenova J., Vaithianathan T., Carpenter M., Breese C.R., Dityatev A., Suppiramaniam V. “Postnatal aniracetam treatment improves prenatal ethanol induced attenuation of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission.” Neurobiology of Disease 2007 Jun;26(3):696-706. (source)
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Hi David, you’ve got a wonderful site here. Thanks for sharing all your knowledge with us.
A little bit of background:
I’ve struggled with depression my whole life (I’m 26), and tried to treat it with different nootropics. It’s better than it was, but there’s still too much for me to simply tolerate its existence.
I started CDP Choline last week, and suddenly felt more assertive, at ease with myself, and in command. But it lowered my mood, and quickly began to give me heavy depression. I started aniracetam about five days ago, and while it’s effects on memory, focus, and brain energy have been wonderful, I still find myself depressed. I’m not sure if it’s the choline (which I’m taking with aniracetam), or if both of them are depressing me. I tried aniracetam by itself one day, and all I got was stressed and a headache.
Maybe the choline dosage is too high? I take 250/300mg with 750mg of aniracetam.
I started vinpocetine yesterday, and that’s helped to lift my mood somewhat. But the depression is definitely there. It seems to ease off 5-6 hours after the consumption of choline / aniracetam.
Steven, you got stressed out and a headache from using Aniracetam only because of the way it uses acetylcholine in your brain. If you are going to use it you need to figure out how much of a choline supplement you need for your unique brain.
But so far it sounds like you’ve only experimented with acetylcholine levels. You depression could be cause by not enough dopamine, serotonin, GABA, or glutamine. Or it could be caused by inflammation. Or it could be caused by lack of BDNF.
You have more work to do. Please read this article for a better understanding of what I just said. And what you can try next: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-depression/
Hi David
HR supplements only stocks a 1,000 mg capsule of aniracetam (@ 120capsules) , whereas nootropicsdepot stocks 750mg (@$60 for 180capsules). The price is more tempting on with hr, but given the dosage difference would you suggest nootropics depot?
Priscila, the HR Supplements Aniracetam is 500 mg per capsule. Two capsules make 1,000 mg. You physically can’t fit 1,000 mg into that size of capsule.
Aloha David
I would sure appreciate your thoughts on this Aniracetam – Phenibut question:
I am doing really well with microdosing Phenibut about 2x per week. I have been considering taking Aniracetam along with it and/or on off days too. So I wanted to ask if you have any thoughts on this approach?
Also, please know I am careful with getting enough choline, don’t really have problems with any negative Phenibut side effects, or have any desire to go over my microdose amount. I have an excellent diet, exercise, meditation, etc. too.
As always just huge mahalos for all you are doing for us. I sure hope I can repay you in kind somehow. In the meantime, I will keep paying it forward as well.
Bob, there should not be a problem. But there is no data on this. Only thing is try it and see.
More big thanks David for your as usual quick clear replies!
Hi David
I have been using Aniracetam daily at 1500 mg split into 2 doses for months. It is incredible and it improved my verbal fluidity and mental clarity. I then began taking oxiracetam (1500 mg split into 2 doses) and pramiracetam (600 mg split into 2 doses) and my intelligence became godlike. I have been taking all 3 with alpha-GPC and CDP-choline (Cognizin) with huge success.
However, recently, I am starting to feel like my memory is not that sharp anymore. It is better than the average person but it is foggy compared to the godly level of clarity and information retention that I used to have. I was wondering what your opinion is on cycling off all 3 for 3 weeks and coming back? Would it make a difference?
One must note that I did reduce my Concerta dose on Feb 6th and was totally fine and reduced it further on March 6th and was fine for the first few days until I did a few days with no bacopa and then got back with a smaller dose of bacopa because I felt a little too sedated in the morning. Idk if they would affect it cuz the dose reduction a month ago did nothing.
I watched your Pterostillbene video and read your article and I actually began taking 50 mg (Silibinol) with incredible clarity and calm (I want to target that dopamine system to heal it from the concerta reduction) and I am taking lion’s mane daily now. BUT, the memory problem is still there.
Do you think it has to do with cycling racetams or should I stay and wait it out with the new bacopa and pterostillbene setup as I stay on the low dose of concerta?
Rifat, cycling the racetams is very common and what most people do. Try that and see how it works for you.
Hello David,
Thank you for this great article. I am trying to find a supplier but since i live in europe its very hard. Do you know the brand Team Science Bio and if they offer quality products? Their website looks very professional and they post the batch and a lab report for each products. I am hoping you can give me some feedback since the brand you recommanded asks for 50€ delivery which is absurdly too expensive compared to 28€ for Science Bio‘s delivery prices. Thank you
RAlf, Science.bio seems to be a good company. I have an affiliate relationship with them because they test their product.
Thanks! Since Aniracetam works as anxiolytic, would the surpression of anxiety (social anxiety) cause rebound anxiety when i stop taking it after several months? Also would it mess with my gaba levels or it doesnt work on the gabaergic system at all? Im really careful with these things after my past benzo use.
Ralf, you’ll get the benefits of Aniracetam as long as you use it. Don’t expect to experience the same benefits if you stop using Aniracetam.
Aniracetam does not affect GABA levels or the GABA system.
Hi David, I would like to know please, if Alpha Gpc from the Now brand did not have any effect on me, should I give Aniracetam a try anyway, or do I consider that my acetylcholine values are fine and taking Aniracetam I discard it completely?
— I also have the problem that the Sulbutiamine from “Arcalion” does not have any effect on me even if I cycle it, resting on weekends and taking 400 Mg the other days, you think that even in my case I should take 200 mg every day Although I have no results?
Happy New Year and thank you for your time
Bilma, Happy New Year to you too!
Are you saying that you have used Aniracetam with Alpha GPC but didn’t see any results? Or that Alpha GPC did nothing for you on its own? If you used Aniracetam with Alpha GPC and did not experience its benefits then maybe it’s the wrong nootropic for you. Same with Sulbutiamine.
The benefits when using these two nootropics can be subtle. For example, I take Aniracetam before doing a podcast and find that my conversation just flows for an hour. It’s much easier for me to get my message across. Not so much if I don’t use Aniracetam.
But this is the kind of thing that you’d need to be really aware of your body and brain. And subtle changes like conversation flow on a subject you know really well.
Does this answer your question?
Thanks for answering me David, I was trying to say that I have only tried Alpha GPC without Aniracetam, and because of that I could conclude that Aniracetam would not work for me either, would it be worth trying Aniracetam anyway or would you discard it in my case? (Because Alpha GPC doesn’t work for me)
– The question regarding Sulbutiamine it’s about if i should consume it obligatorily and how much in my case, because there is no other way for vitamin B1 to pass through my Blood Brain Barrier, or in my case would it be okay with the Thiamine present in Life Extension B Complex? (Because sulbutiamine doesn’t work for me)
Bilma, Aniracetam boosts the use of acetylcholine in your brain by 200 – 300%. Which is why we need to use a choline supplement with Aniracetam. It’s highly unlikely that you will experience the benefits of this racetam without the extra choline.
But Alpha GPC is not your only option. An equally effective source of choline is CDP-Choline (Citicoline). Unless you had a bad reaction to Aniracetam I suggest getting some CDP-Choline. Each dose would be 300 mg CDP-Choline, 750 mg Aniracetam and a tablespoon of unrefined coconut oil, MCT Oil, or extra virgin olive oil. Aniracetam is fat-soluble and you need the healthy fat to make sure it’s delivered past your digestive system.
And why do you say that “Sulbutiamine doesn’t work for me”? What exactly do you mean by that statement? It’s true that ordinary thiamine, the kind you get in a B-Complex supplement cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. And it’s why we use Sulbutiamine instead.
Hi David, thanks for your time, I was trying to say that Sulbutiamine (Arcalion) has not given me any effect to combat depression, or to boost cognition, learning or memory, nor to become more awake and alert. I have only been taking it because I thought that although it does not work for me it is one of the 13 Vitamins Essential for the Optimized Brain that you recommend, I would like to know your opinion please if I should continue to spend the money on Sulbutiamine despite what I just told you or What would you do in my place ?, and to continue taking how many milligrams would you recommend in my case ?, (it does not work for me even if I cycle it, resting on weekends)
Bilma, if Sulbutiamine offers you no benefit then I do not see any reason to continue using it. Thiamine is a required vitamin for many things including making acetylcholine. But if your thiamine levels are adequate then Sulbutiamine may not provide any benefit.
It sounds like you will need to keep on experimenting with other nootropics to help you get to the bottom of what is causing your depression. Here is an article that may help you: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-depression/
I recently started taking aniracetam 500 – 600 mg per day, two weeks later I had a renal problem, is it related or coincidence? Aniracetam affect kidneys?
MDMX, Aniracetam is eliminated by your kidneys. So no, it’s not likely a coincidence.
Hi David
Usually I order my nootropic products from Nootropics Depot, but based on your recommendation, I just placed my first order with HR Supplements for Aniracetam, for which your recommended daily dose is 750 – 1,500 mg. HRS’ product is 500 mg per capsule. Perhaps you could suggest to HRS to create a 750 mg capsule to bring it in-line with your recommendation. If not, I’ll just have to go back to ND to place my order. Just a thought…
Douglas, when I encounter this type of dosage issue I just use 1,000 mg for my first dose and 500 mg for my second dose. Seems to work well for me.
Hi David. Thank you very much for all of the time and effort you have put into this subject. I just wanted to mention that aniracetam has been a real breakthrough for me. Super focus, calm, MUCH better sleep are the main differences. I feel like I can enjoy life again. Currently stack with empowerplus multivit, coconut oil, ALCAR, lions mane, alpha gpc and TOP from sunrider. I will eventually switch the MLP for my TOP and performance lab multi for my empower plus multi. Then I will investigate the rest of your list and go from there. God bless you sir. You are making a difference !!!
Thank you Joseph. Much appreciated.
Hi David, If Aniracetam remains in the body for as little as one hour at most, its benefits will still continue there hours later or after an hour the depression will return without any impediment? According to your experience, does this work like this?
Flavio, I find that an Aniracetam dose lasts for about 3 – 4 hours when used with Alpha GPC or CDP-Choline. Which is why I use it twice per day. Morning and noon and the effects last all day.
thanks David for dedicating your valuable time to help me, I would like to know the best way to supplement with potassium because all the supplements I saw have maximum doses of 99 mg, when the daily dose is 4,700 mg, which makes it extremely expensive to reach the daily dose, it would require 47 pills a day, would you recommend any brand that you can find on Amazon. that provides much more than 99 mg of Potassium?
— Also wondering if Nootropics Depot’s ALPHA GPC 99% powder tends to liquefy? (because it is not at 50%)
— Finally I would like to know if Nootropics Depot Magnesium Glycinate powder is as effective as Magnesium Glycinate chelate in Tablets of Dr Best?
Flavio, according to the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State the average adult male needs around 3,400 mg potassium per day. And they also advise that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables that supplies 2.6-3.4 g/day of potassium.
Supplement companies are restricted to 99 mg of potassium by the FDA. Because there is the fear that you’ll overdose on potassium which can cause kidney failure or lesions in your small intestine. My advice for potassium is use citrate or gluconate and follow the manufacturer’s dosage recommendations. Become familiar with low potassium symptoms if you are worried about your intake. Or get a blood test.
You’ll need to ask Nootropics Depot how stable their 99% Alpha GPC is.
And magnesium glycinate is magnesium glycinate no matter what supplement it’s in. The key is choosing a supplement with the least “other ingredients” as you can because they are toxic.
Can you take vincamine and aniracetam together?
Yes
Hello David
Thanks for the article.
Can i Mix Piracetam and aniracetam, if yes can you suggest dosage
Vipin, you can use both but not sure that you would get much more benefit from it than choosing one or the other. Standard dosage for each regardless of what you decide. But make sure you’re getting enough Alpha GPC or CDP-Choline in either case.
Hi David, thank you for your great work and advice you give to people. When I found your website, I realized that I was treating my depression badly. I’ve been suffering from it for twenty years. For the last five years, I’ve been treating her with 5-htp. It helped in the beginning, but it stopped later and I had a lot of problems with it. Three months ago I stopped using 5 htp and started taking aniracetam (3x750mg) + alpha gpc (3x 300mg) + sulbutamine (3x250mg). In addition, I take other B vitamins, vitamin C, D3, K2 and sometimes ashwagandha, rhodiola, lemon balm. It’s much much better. I would also like to try adding L-tryptophan to increase serotonin, as I stopped taking 5-HTP. Do you think I’m good at it? Or how should I try to treat my depression? Thank you for your response.
Jozef, L-Tryptophan is a far safer way to raise serotonin especially for long-term use. 5-HTP has a history even in clinical studies for stopping to work after a few weeks.
Once you learn how 95% of your serotonin is made in your gut and it’s tryptophan working with EC cells rather than 5-HTP it makes much more sense to use L-Tryptophan as a nootropic. Along with a really good prebiotic like the Performance Lab Prebiotic. I sent out a newsletter on this same subject yesterday BTW.
Hi David,
Firstly, thank YOU for providing a very comprehensive one stop shop for all supplements brain related – amazing you provide such support to so many people.
Secondly, I was after some advice from you regarding direction (my previous comment seems to have disappeared from 5HTP page). I have been taking SSRI’s (Paroxetene/ Seroxat) for 20 years from when I was just 14 and experiencing panic attacks, depression and suicidal tendencies. I don’t believe my bloods were ever checked and it is only now in my 30’s I’m in a position where I want to completely turn my back on this drug due to long term fatigue, completely absent libido, digestive issues, lack of interest in life etc etc.
I stopped the drug about 3 weeks ago now (under care with GP/ Doctor) however I’ve experienced a myriad of discontinuation symptoms since and I’m not sure where to start with supplementing. I’ve had brain zaps (who knew this was a thing!), body seems unable to control temperature (either boiling hot or freezing cold – which I’ve always had but is now much worse), trembling in my back muscles, social interaction anxiety (feel stressed and panicked when talking), sleep/ wake cycle all over the place, uncontrollable temper outbursts and crying over very small things.
I’ve been taking approx 600mg of Ashwagandha for the last 2 weeks or so, have just received my delivery of Vit B complex and DHA (all levels almost mirroring your advice on each) but I wondered if you had any ideas where I can add to my stack? I feel like I’m not as depressed as I was with all the fatigue fog from before but the emotional outbursts are scary and disruptive and I would like to feel more balanced emotionally if possible.
I hope to hear any ideas you may have for me (whether to look at anxiety related or depression lists).
Thanks so much in advance,
Kayleigh, not something that the big pharmaceutical companies include in their advertising. Is it?
You are doing the right things to help yourself. Unfortunately, there is no magic solution however to what you are experiencing. Many of those symptoms are from the damage the drugs did to your brain. I don’t intend to make it worse or scare you.
But you need to be aware that those drugs did more than mess with neurotransmitter levels. They also did things like affected gene expression. And I don’t know of anything that can reverse that. Only your brain’s natural ability to heal itself as long as you provide the things it needs to do that.
Any nootropic that can boost brain-derived neurotrophic factor may help (https://nootropicsexpert.com/13-nootropics-to-boost-bdnf/)
How does it affect Gene expression? No one fully knows what psych meds even do.
Side effects seem to be more damaging to transmission sites, but most seem to get off RIs with usual withdrawal horror, and eventually heal “if they are mentally equipped to ride that” which seems to be the bigger X factor.
I know each person differs, but most i know didnt suffer extremes. Only he @#$& storm of altered brain chemistry.
Has Aniracetam and other stacks been successful in major depressive disorder?
Robert, antidepressants and gene expression came up in my research awhile ago. And I’d need to go digging for it. But it was an “aha” moment for me.
Aniracetam has been shown to help with depression that is caused by low dopamine.
If your depression is caused by anything other than low dopamine it likely won’t help.
Hi. How do you feel about the four day on three day off cycling strategy? It also calls for a one week break after several months. Is this just as effective as the traditionally recommended approach of several months on followed by a break?
Stephanie, it depends on the individual. Because each of us is different. I personally dose Aniracetam twice per day every day and have for several years without a problem. But you may be different. You’ll need to experiment as you suggested and come up with a regimen that works for you.
Hi David, I have been using many types of different nootropics for a while to treat my ADHD. They’re all could be found easily on all supplements websites. On the contrary, Aniracetam seems to be a different category that can barely be found online. Normally on those websites you can also find Adrafinil, which in my country considered a prescribed drug from a neurologist. I was wondering if Aniracetam considered as safe as normal supplements or more on the drug side like Ritalin and other stimulants. I hope you can explain to me the difference between the two and the risks involved. Thanks for sharing your knowledge with the world.
Aniracetam is one of the safest nootropic supplement around. But it is not approved by the US FDA as a “dietary supplement”. So the major supplement stores online do that carry it for that reason.
And Aniracetam is far safer than using Ritalin or any other prescription stimulant including Adrafinil.
All of the racetams share a pyrrolidone nucleus core. The original racetam was Piracetam which is a derivative of GABA.
Thank you David. Following your advice I tried to place an order with hr supplements, however, they don’t ship to my country. Do you recommend another reliable source that can deliver worldwide? Thanks.
MG, you can try Natural Stacks which has a supplement called “Nexus” from Axon Labs which contains Aniracetam.
But if HR Supplements don’t ship to your country it’s likely that Natural Stacks won’t either. But check them out anyway and see if they will.
Hi David,
In regard to a good fat source, how about and curious on your thoughts on MCT oil?
Christopher, MCT Oil is likely the best choice of a healthy fat because you’re getting a ‘twofer’. You’re getting the fat while you’re getting the ketones. I like that combo of benefits.
Dear David, I would like to know can you recomend any nootropics for autism curing. Thanks in advance.
Gi, I’ve done several personal consultations with parents of autistic children who asked the same question. And my research turned up several supplements with clinical studies showing the possibility of taming inflammation in the autistic brain.
Those nootropics included things like Artichoke Extract, NAC, BCAAs, CoQ10, ALCAR, etc. If you want more detail than that including links to the clinical studies I suggest setting up a consultation with me.
Thank you, but we have tried these supplements without any succes. Have you ever read about Pyritinol? I would like to read about it, but I can find enough information, unfortunately
Gi, Pyritinol is a semi-synthetic water-soluble analog of vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) that was developed by Merck in 1961. I have not done the research and am not sure if it would help you.
Hi David,
Do you suggest to take Anieracetam in the morning or at night?
Thanks
Carl, I recommend using it morning and noon. No need to use it a night. And if you’ve got some ‘event’ coming up like a podcast interview or anything like that try taking your dose 15 minutes before it starts.
Hi David,
I’ve been using Aniracetam for a couple of years now, every day in the morning and sometimes in the afternoon. When I started using it, it worked really well, but now it lost or reduced the effect significantly. I do not feel it working any more. If I decide to stop using it for a while, how long do you think I should stop using it for? And if I want to compensate another nootropic for it like phenylpiracetam or another racetam, do you think it’s a good idea? Or maybe you can recommend another nootropic that works as well as Aniracetam? Sorry for so many questions, any advice is greatly appreciated.
Thank you.
Mick, some people find they need to cycle Aniracetam. I’ve never had to to experience its benefits. I would not try to replace it with anything else. Just take a one week holiday. Then dose it every 2nd day. Or for 5 days and take 2 days off. See which works best for you.
Ok David Thanks for the tip