Best nootropics for depression-2022

Best Nootropics for Major Depressive Disorder

David Tomen
Author:
David Tomen
17 minute read

Nootropic forums and blogs often describe depression as a neurotransmitter imbalance in the brain. And then offer suggestions on various nootropics for major depressive disorder or drugs to help lift your mood and reduce depression.

But this simplistic view of depression misses the complexity of this disease.

Recent research has shown that depression can have many possible causes. Including out of whack mood regulation by your brain, genetic problems, stressful events or living conditions, prescription medications or other medical problems causing cognitive impairments.

It’s true that neurotransmitters are involved in the process that contributes to depression. But it’s usually not a matter of one neurotransmitter being too low or another too high.

Here’s the thing. You have several neurotransmitter systems, amino acids, hormones and other neurochemicals working both inside and outside neurons.

The interaction of these neurochemical reactions make up a highly dynamic system that contributes to your mood. And how you perceive and experience life.

With this level of complexity, you may have similar symptoms of depression to the person next to you. But the issues in your brain and body may be completely different. So what works best for someone else experiencing your symptoms may not be best option for you.

And this is why we often say in the nootropic community that Your Mileage May Vary (YMMV) when describing a particular nootropic supplement. And how it feels.

In this article you’ll discover other possible causes contributing to your depression. How to recognize them. How to use nootropic supplements to test different possible causes so you can narrow down what may be causing your depression.

And I’ll share some nootropic supplement suggestions that may help relieve your depression symptoms for a better quality of life.

Depression and Neurogenesis

It turns out that brain cell signaling, neurogenesis and the function of neuronal circuits may play a more important role in depression than simply the levels of serotonin or dopamine.

For example, researchers in Munich studied 24 women who had a history of depression. And on average, their hippocampus was 9 – 13% smaller in the depressed women compared to healthy women. And the more bouts of depression a woman had, their hippocampus was even smaller compared to less depressed women in the study.[i]Best nootropics for mood enhancement

We know that stress can play a role in depression and on your central nervous system. And research has shown that stress can suppress neurogenesis. Which would account for the smaller hippocampus in these women.

We also know that Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a naturally occurring protein in your brain, is critical for preventing apoptosis (brain cell death), is required for the growth of new neurons (neurogenesis) and the growth and maintenance of synapses.

Please check out my article on “13 Nootropics to Boost BDNF”. Increasing BDNF is one way to combat depression. Below I’ll share a list of nootropics for you to try some of which also help to increase levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) among other benefits for a healthy brain.

If you’ve ever tried antidepressants for alleviating depressive symptoms, you know that it often takes weeks to feel any benefit. Scientists have a theory that the value of some of these medications may be in generating new neurons (neurogenesis), strengthening neuron connections, and improving brain cell signaling. Which often takes time before you can feel the result.

So now researchers speculate that new medications could be developed to specifically promote neurogenesis. As it turns out, we already have this ability with several natural nootropic supplements.

Depression and Neurotransmitters

We know that neurotransmitter dysfunction is not the only cause of depression. But we can’t discount their importance either.

Neurons are designed to communicate with each other. When a neuron is activated, it passes an ‘action potential’, which is a tiny electrical signal, down its axon to the axon terminal (synapse).  Neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles.

The action potential (electrical signal) releases certain neurotransmitters into the synapse. Which then sends it over to a synapse on a dendrite connected to the receiving neuron. As the concentration of neurotransmitters rise in the synapse, they bind to receptors embedded in the membranes of the two neurons.

This release of a neurotransmitter from one neuron can activate or inhibit the second neuron. Once the first neuron has released a certain amount of neurotransmitter molecules, a feedback mechanism instructs the transmitting neuron to stop releasing neurotransmitter molecules and begin bringing them back into the 1st neuron. This process is called reuptake.

In those who are severely depressed or manic, this fine-tuned system of neuro-signaling can go out of whack. Either too much or too little of the neurotransmitter is released.

Or if the reuptake is overly efficient and mops up too many neurotransmitter molecules before they have a chance to bind to receptors. It can have a significant impact on mood.

The primary neurotransmitters that can play a role in depression include:

Each one of these neurotransmitters can be boosted, or their reuptake affected by nootropic supplements (listed below).

sulbutiamine-for-depression

Depressive Symptoms and Prescription Medication

Depression can result as a side effect of certain prescription drugs. These drugs can include antimicrobials, antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, heart and blood pressure drugs, hormones, insomnia drugs, tranquilizers, antacids, narcotic pain drugs and more.

We know from experience that many of these prescription drugs may be replaced by safer, natural nootropic supplements.

But I am NOT encouraging you to stop using whatever meds you’re currently on. Without consulting with your doctor first. I am encouraging you to learn about and possibly try safer alternatives that often do the job just as well and will enhance your brain health.

CAUTION: many nootropic supplements are contraindicated with prescription SSRIs, MAOIs, tricyclics, and others that work on the same neurotransmitter system. Combining any of these ‘natural’ nootropic supplements with the wrong drug can do serious harm. Including ending your life. Please, please read the Side Effects section of each nootropic review here on Nootropics Expert®. And if in doubt please ask me and consult with your doctor before trying a nootropic if you are using any of these prescription meds.

Depression and Stress

Nearly all of us experience stressful events. And while not every one of us who faces stress develops depressive disorders or other mental disorders. Stress however often does play an important role in depression.

Depending on how sensitive you are to stress, along with messed up neurochemistry and even genetics. A perfect storm of any or all of these influencing factors can lead to depression.

So, please read my extended article on “Best Nootropics for Anxiety” which includes several nootropic supplements that may help you deal with and conquer stress and even boosts your mental performance.

noopept-for-depression

Recommended Nootropics for Depression and Enhance Cognitive Performance

If you are currently being treated for depression. Or suspect you may be dealing with undiagnosed depression. And are looking for a more natural, safer way to treat your symptoms. Nootropics may be the answer.

You’re not alone looking for a natural alternative to drugs that often often associated with a host of side effects. Research in the United States and other countries show that significant numbers of people use ‘alternative medicine’ to treat their depression.

Researchers conducted a survey of more than 3,000 women in the USA to find out how many turned to alternative medicine for depression. Of the 220 women who said they had been officially diagnosed with depression, 54% said they used alternative medicine to treat their symptoms.[ii]

We have found that the following list of nootropics work well for different types and causes of depression.

As I mentioned before, your mileage may vary. What works for me may not work for you. Wise and careful experimentation is critical to finding a safer alternative for treating your depression.

    1. Aniracetam – A member of the racetam-family of nootropics, Aniracetam works with dopamine D2 and D3 receptors in your brain. And desensitizes AMPA (glutamate) receptors which can help control glutamate toxicity.Aniracetam is one of the most effective antidepressants I’ve even tried. And its effects on dopamine in your brain can have a profound effect on anxiety symptoms as well.

 

    1. Bacopa Monnieri – One of the most powerful herbs in Ayurvedic medicine. Bacopa Monnieri has been used for millennia to relieve anxiety, fatigue, restore energy and boost concentration.This adaptogen has been shown in clinical studies to work as well for depression as benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants.[iii]

 

    1. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)CoQ10 contributes to your cell’s natural source of energy. Producing ATP in your mitochondria by taking fat and converting it into usable energy. CoQ10 preserves brain function, helps fight mental illness and migraines.Major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are now being recognized as having mitochondrial dysfunction in common. With higher oxidative stress levels.[iv] Studies show that 1,200 mg per day of CoQ10 in bipolar adults experienced a significant reduction in depression.[v]

 

    1. 5-HTPI do NOT recommend using 5-HTP for treating depression. But only include it here since it is marketed as a “natural antidepressant”.This amino acid is naturally produced in your body. And synthesized from the amino acid tryptophan which you get from food. 5-HTP is the precursor needed to produce the ‘feel-good’ neurotransmitter serotonin. But a summary published in the Alternative Medicine Review noted a lack of evidence for ‘loading’ precursors to treat depression.[vi] Combining 5-HTP with SSRI’s, Tricyclics or MAOI’s will cause Serotonin Syndrome which can be deadly.

 

    1. Ginkgo Biloba – This tree native to China has been used for thousands of years to boost mental alertness, improve cerebral circulation and for better overall brain function. Many have found Ginkgo Biloba to be very effective for reducing anxiety and stress. And for boosting mood.1,570 men and women in England participated in a study using 120 mg of Ginkgo Biloba extract daily for 4, 6, and 10 months. Those who used Gingko Biloba the longest experienced the most improvement improvements for anxiety, depression, energy, drowsiness, sadness and happiness.[vii]

 

    1. Iodine – Did you know that iodine deficient populations are up to 13.5 IQ points less than those with optimal iodine levels in their system?[viii] Since iodine has largely been removed from table salt in some countries, it has been suggested that iodine deficiency is epidemic. Particularly in countries like the United States.Iodine is essential to thyroid health and the production of thyroid hormones. Nearly every tissue in your body relies on thyroid hormones for healthy function. Not enough iodine can result in hypothyroidism. Negatively affecting acetylcholine synthesis in your brain. Affecting cognition, learning and memory, recall and mood.

 

    1. Kava Kava is native to the South Pacific. And the islanders use kava for its sedative effects. Kava can help reduce anxiety and depression. Unlike benzodiazepines, Kava does not impair cognitive function. In fact, studies show that not only will Kava improve mood. It may also boost cognitive function as well.[ix]

 

    1. Lion’s Mane Mushroom – Also called the “smart mushroom”, Lion’s Mane boosts brain nerve growth factor which increases neurogenesis. Lion’s Mane can help improve focus and attention, boost thinking and processing speed, repair brain cells, and help relieve anxiety and depression.Women in Japan received Lion’s Mane-laced cookies for 4 weeks during a clinical trial. The researchers found that Lion’s Mane reduced anxiety and depression in these women during the trial.[x]

 

    1. Magnesium – Lack of adequate magnesium can result in brain fog, anxiety and depression. Plasticity of neuron synapses is affected by having enough magnesium in brain cells.A study was conducted with 5,708 people in Norway. The aim of the study was to examine the association between magnesium intake and depression and anxiety. The researchers found that low magnesium intake is related to depression.[xi]

 

    1. Mucuna Pruriens (L-DOPA)L-DOPA is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine in your body. And is a precursor to the formation of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine in your brain.Mucuna Pruriens has been used in Ayurveda medicine since 1500 B.C. For treating things like snakebite, intestinal problems, sexual issues and melancholy mood. Research shows that supplementing with L-DOPA extracted from Mucuna Pruriens can be a great natural antidepressant if you are low in dopamine.[xii]

 

    1. N-Acetyl L-Cysteine (NAC)NAC is an amino acid that regulates the amount of glutamate and dopamine in your brain. It helps restore dysfunctional dopamine receptors. And is a precursor to Glutathione which is your master antioxidant needed to reduce free radicals and oxidative stressA study with 75 subjects with bipolar disorder were given 1 gram of NAC twice daily for 24 weeks. Treatment with NAC resulted in a significant improvement with depression in these patients.[xiii]

 

    1. N-Acetyl L-Tyrosine (NALT) – NALT is a highly bioavailable form of the amino acid L-Tyrosine. Your brain uses tyrosine to produce dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopamine is involved in libido, memory, focus, goal-oriented concentration, is a mood elevator and antidepressant.If you are ADHD, or have other issues with low dopamine, supplementing with NALT or L-Tyrosine may help improve your memory, boost your IQ, and relieve depression. I highly recommend NALT or L-Tyrosine for anyone using stimulants like Adderall or Ritalin for treating ADHD.

 

    1. Nefiracetam – One of the newer members of the racetam-family of nootropics, Nefiracetam is used clinically to treat and prevent seizures, severe depression and has shown neuroprotective qualities.The structure of Nefiracetam is similar to the other great racetam antidepressant Aniracetam. Researchers at the University of Iowa did a trial with 159 stroke patients with major depression. The study concluded that Nefiracetam produced a significant improvement in the most severely depressed patients.[xiv]

 

    1. Noopept – This peptide-derived nootropic related to the racetam-family is much more potent than Piracetam. But its mechanism of action in your brain is similar to other racetams.Noopept stimulates dopamine, nicotinic and serotonin receptors. It boosts cognition, memory, logical thinking, reflexes and mood.[xv] Noopept increases Alpha brain waves and Beta brain waves. Increasing relaxation. Alpha brain waves increase relaxation and the Beta brain waves assist with your state of alertness and mental clarity. Both of these combined can move you into super-learning, flow states and joy.

 

    1. Phenylalanine – This amino acid is a precursor to tyrosine in your brain. Tyrosine helps in the synthesis of dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.One study was done with 23 patients diagnosed with depression who had not responded to standard antidepressants. They were given 50 or 100 mg of Phenylalanine daily for 15 days. The researchers found that Phenylalanine completely improved mood in 17 of the patients. Within 13 days of the 15-day trial.[xvi]

 

    1. Rhodiola RoseaRhodiola Rosea activates AMPA receptors in your brain. Which can decrease depression and stress-related mood swings, reduces fatigue, stimulates energy and alertness, boosts cognition, and motivation.A clinical trial with 57 patients diagnosed with depression were given Rhodiola Rosea extract, sertraline (Zoloft®), or a placebo for 12 weeks. The study found that Rhodiola Rosea was slightly less effective than sertraline for depression. But produced far fewer side effects and was better tolerated.[xvii]

 

    1. SAM-eSAM-e is the naturally occurring amino acid methionine bound to an ATP molecule. It helps in the process of cell division and repair, and the generation of the neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine and melatonin. Which is why it’s considered a potent nootropic.SAM-e is used to boost mood, relieve depression, improve energy levels and reduce symptoms of fibromyalgia. 20 healthy volunteers took part in a study receiving infusions of 800 mg of SAM-e or a placebo for 7 days. EEG mapping during the study identified SAM-e as an antidepressant. Targeting brain regions crucial in the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants.[xviii]

 

    1. St. John’s wort – This herb has traditionally been used for mood disorders and wound healing. Today it’s used mostly as a treatment for anxiety, depression and stress.St. John’s wort works like prescription SSRI’s by preventing the reuptake of serotonin in your brain. But please read the precautions for using this nootropic in the extended article. Before trying it as a nootropic supplement to treat your depression.

 

    1. Sulbutiamine – Sulbutiamine is a synthesized version of Vitamin B1 (thiamine) which easily crosses the blood-brain barrier. As a nootropic, it’s used to boost mood, memory and motivation.A study at the University of Wales Swansea in the UK worked with 120 young adult females. Study participants took either a placebo or 50 mg thiamine for 2 months. Mood, memory and reaction times were monitored before and after taking the tablets. 2 months after supplementing with thiamine, participants were more clearheaded, felt more composed and energetic, reaction times improved, and mood was better.[xix]

 

    1. Tryptophan – This essential amino acid is a precursor to serotonin, melatonin and niacin (Vitamin B3) in your body. Adding tryptophan to your stack can help boost your serotonin levels. And should help with anxiety, ADHD, depression, insomnia, memory loss, pain and eating disorders.

 

    1. TurmericTurmeric is one of the main spices in curries. In parts of India where curries are eaten most often, Alzheimer’s disease is extremely rare. This spice (and its extract called curcumin) has a unique ability to reduce inflammation common to Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and brain tumors.A study conducted in India looked at the efficacy and safety of using curcumin, the main active ingredient found in turmeric, for treating major depression.60 depressed patients took either 20 mg of Prozac®, 1000 mg of curcumin, or a combination of both daily for 6 weeks. The best response during the trial was with patients using the combination. And the researchers concluded that curcumin could be used as an effective and safe treatment for patients with major depression.

 

    1. Uridine Monophosphate – This precursor to Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) provides instructions from your DNA to help create memory by facilitating connections between brain neurons (synapses).Uridine supplementation as a nootropic uplifts and stabilizes mood, is anti-stress, helps Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is anti-anxiety and helps modulate and normalize dopamine release.[xx]

 

    1. Vitamin B6Vitamin B6 helps your brain make serotonin, norepinephrine and melatonin. The activated form of Vitamin B6 called P-5-P is particularly effective in boosting serotonin and GABA in your brain.For depression, look for a P-5-P supplement or a B-Complex formula that uses P-5-P.

 

    1. Vitamin B12 – This B-vitamin plays a key role in the efficient conversion of carbohydrates to glucose which contributes to cellular fuel production (ATP). It helps your body convert fatty acids into energy.Supplementing with Vitamin B12 can help lower anxiety, and elevate alertness, cognition, energy, vision, elevate mood and relieve insomnia. No more mood swings!

 

Depressed No More

Nootropics can be a strong alternative to many antidepressant medications currently prescribed by doctors. And promoted by the Big Pharmaceutical companies.dopaminergic nootropics

But a very strong word of caution – if you are currently using any prescription antidepressant medications. Or any medication for that matter. Research each nootropic including side effects and prescription drug interactions before using them.

To finally beat depression, you must figure out the root cause of it. It is pointless to try otherwise without doing your research. Experiment with various nootropic supplements until you find what works for you.

Good luck in your search. There is hope. I know because I’ve conquered my own depression. And came out the other side better than before.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. This post may also contain other affiliate links and I will be compensated if you make a purchase after clicking on my links.

[i] Frodl T. et. Al. “Reduced hippocampal volume correlates with executive dysfunctioning in major depression” Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience 2006 Sep; 31(5): 316–325. (source)

[ii] “Alternative medicine for depression” Harvard Medical School July 1, 2007 (source)

[iii] Bhattacharya S.K., Bhattacharya A., Sairam K., “Ghosal S. Anxiolytic-antidepressant activity of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides: an experimental study.” Phytomedicine 2000 Dec;7(6):463-9. (source)

[iv] Maes M., Galecki P., Chang Y.S., Berk M. “ A review on the oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways in major depression and their possible contribution to the (neuro)degenerative processes in that illness.” Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2011 Apr 29;35(3):676-92. (source)

[v] Forester B.P., Zuo C.S., Ravichandran C., Harper D.G., Du F., Kim S., Cohen B.M., Renshaw P.F. “Coenzyme Q10 effects on creatine kinase activity and mood in geriatric bipolar depression.” Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology. 2012 Mar;25(1):43-50. (source)

[vi] Meyers S. “Use of neurotransmitter precursors for treatment of depression.” Alternative Medicine Revue. 2000 Feb;5(1):64-71. (source)

[vii] Trick L., Boyle J., Hindmarch I. “The effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (LI 1370) supplementation and discontinuation on activities of daily living and mood in free living older volunteers.” Phytotherapy Research. 2004 Jul;18(7):531-7. (source)

[viii] Qian M., Wang D., Watkins W.E., Gebski V., Yan Y.Q., Li M., Chen Z.P. “The effects of iodine on intelligence in children: a meta-analysis of studies conducted in China.” Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005;14(1):32-42. (source)

[ix] Thompson R., Ruch W., Hasenöhrl R.U. “Enhanced cognitive performance and cheerful mood by standardized extracts of Piper methysticum (Kava-kava). Human Psychopharmacology. 2004 Jun;19(4):243-50. (source)

[x] Nagano M., Shimizu K., Kondo R., Hayashi C., Sato D., Kitagawa K., Ohnuki K. “Reduction of depression and anxiety by 4 weeks Hericium erinaceus intake.” Biomedical Research. 2010 Aug;31(4):231-7. (source)

[xi] Jacka F.N. et. Al. “ Association between magnesium intake and depression and anxiety in community-dwelling adults: the Hordaland Health Study” Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry Volume 43, Issue 1, 2009 (source)

[xii] Rana D.G., Galani V.J. “Dopamine mediated antidepressant effect of Mucuna pruriens seeds in various experimental models of depression.” Ayu. 2014 Jan;35(1):90-7. (source)

[xiii] Berk M., Copolov D.L., Dean O., Lu K., Jeavons S, Schapkaitz I., Anderson-Hunt M., Bush A.I. “N-acetyl cysteine for depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder–a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.” Biological Psychiatry. 2008 Sep 15;64(6):468-75 (source)

[xiv] Robinson R.G., Jorge R.E., Clarence-Smith K. “Double-blind randomized treatment of poststroke depression using nefiracetam.” Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 2008 Spring;20(2):178-84. (source)

[xv] Gudasheva T.A., Konstantinopol’skii M.A., Ostrovskaya R.U., Seredenin S.B. “Anxiolytic activity of endogenous nootropic dipeptide cycloprolylglycine in elevated plus-maze test.” Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine. 2001 May;131(5):464-6. (source)

[xvi] Fischer E., Heller B., Nachon M., Spatz H. “Therapy of depression by phenylalanine. Preliminary note.” Arzneimittelforschung. 1975 Jan;25(1):132. (source)

[xvii] Mao J.J., Xie S.X., Zee J., Soeller I., Li QS., Rockwell K., Amsterdam J.D. “Rhodiola rosea versus sertraline for major depressive disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.” Phytomedicine. 2015 Mar 15;22(3):394-9. (source)

[xviii] Saletu B., Anderer P., Di Padova C., Assandri A., Saletu-Zyhlarz G.M. “Electrophysiological neuroimaging of the central effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine by mapping of electroencephalograms and event-related potentials and low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2002 Nov;76(5):1162S-71S (source)

[xix] Benton D., Griffiths R., Haller J. “Thiamine supplementation mood and cognitive functioning.” Psychopharmacology 1997 Jan;129(1):66-71. (source)

[xx] Powell A. “Rx for depression: ‘Mangia, mangia!’ Harvard Gazette Archives new.harvard.edu March 03, 2005 Retrieved August 9, 2016 (source)

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Join The Discussion - 326 comments

Daniel
October 22, 2020

David, my mental issues first started as extreme anger when I was about 6-9 years old. Then the anxiety with panic attacks started at about 10. When I hit 8th-9th grade the depression finally manifested itself. My childhood consists of the worst memories thus far, and I am 28 now. My mom has been taking Zoloft for 20+ years, my grandma (mom’s mom) Zoloft for god knows how long, and my little sis Lexapro for 5 years. I think it runs in the family lol. When I was 18 my mom finally took me to the doctor and he gave me Lexapro and it completely changed my life. I took this up until I graduated from college in 2016 and then tapered off. In a matter of a year, I was at probably the lowest point of my life. I picked myself back up and went back to the doctor. We experimented for 2 years and I finally ended up on a combination of Viibryd 40mg and Lamotrigine 100mg. This done well for about 2ish years but in the last 6 months my depression has slowly gotten worse with the inevitable feeling that this is not going away. I am 28 now with no wife, no kids, and bomb ass engineering job. But the depression does not care.
I remember during my experimental antidepressant journey that I responded ‘okay’ to this tricyclic antidepressant called Nortriptyline. I tried it for a few months and then we decided to move onto Viibryd. I have read that Norepinephrine is related to fight-or-flight. But I still to this day have pretty bad anger issues and I feel like that may be from too much Norepinephrine. I do not know if this would be a good place to start or not. Probably not.
However, If I feel that my ability to grow new neurons and/or replace bad ones is weak, what would be a good thing to start with? Aniracetam seems to be a popular well-reviewed one. Or, is there a stack that would be more likely to help? I feel like a stack is going to be hard to pinpoint what is/isn’t helpful though. Thoughts? Now I know that I need to be careful of the effects of prescription SSRIs and SNRIs with nootropics. I am not going to take anything without bringing this up to my doctor. Thanks in advance.

    David Tomen
    October 23, 2020

    Daniel, I’ve found from working with other people that if you have used something like a SSRI or SNRI successfully you find out how it works. Figure out the mechanism of action in your brain that provided the benefit. Then reverse engineer this process and find a nootropic that does something similar.

    I’ve found that Wikipedia is a good source for most best selling drugs that have been used for a long time. Each drug on Wikipedia typically has a section called “Pharmacology” which describes the mechanism of action. It could be a particular neurotransmitter like dopamine or norepinephrine. Or one if its receptors or transporters.

    For example, you said that Lexapro changed your life. Wikipedia reports that “Escitalopram increases intrasynaptic levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin by blocking the reuptake of the neurotransmitter into the presynaptic neuron.”

    So what would happen if you tried using L-Tryptophan to raise serotonin? Would that help? If it did then find other nootropics that influence serotonin.

Ellen
September 14, 2020

David, I recently purchased Performance Labs Sleep and had such high hopes for it after having tried about everything available for insomnia. I took it for one night, per directions, and was awake the entire night. I also suffer from depression and anxiety. I have adrenal insufficiency and Hashimoto’s disease. I always have bad reactions to prescription psych meds. Any ideas? Also, this company offers refunds but I have been unable to get a direct response from them. Have received automated response telling me they are available 7/24 and would get back with me within 30 minutes, which they did not do. I spent a lot of money on this product and am a little concerned about their lack of response. So far, I have attempted to make contact with them 4 times. Any help, if you have it, would be appreciated.

    David Tomen
    September 14, 2020

    Ellen, it can take 2 – 3 weeks of daily use of Performance Lab Sleep before you begin to get the full benefit from this stack. This is not Ambien. It’s not fair to try it one night and expect it to solve your life-long insomnia issues.

    I’ll send a personal email to their Customer Service Manager and ask him to take care of you.

    You’ve got Hashimoto’s, Adrenal fatigue, anxiety and depression. Each is a separate and complex health issue. The first two are fairly simple to know what to do because we know the cause.

    But for anxiety and depression you first need to find out the cause of each. And then commit to weeks and possibly months of trial and error while trying different supplements to isolate the cause.

    If you’re willing to do the work, these two articles may help you:
    https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-anxiety/

    And the one above:
    https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-depression/

Stephen
August 29, 2020

Hi David✌️
Spot on! I found what works for me as well. After battling depression for 20 some odd years.
I beat the oppressor!
Have a super day David, and stay safe.

    David Tomen
    August 29, 2020

    That is great news Stephen! I hope this is encouragement to anyone who is still struggling. Keep at it and keep trying. Until you find something that works.

    Robert L
    November 23, 2020

    Hey Stephen,
    Can you share your Stack with us?

Gary Smith
August 13, 2020

Hi David,

Thank you for your work. I have had major depression and anxiety since I was 6 years old. I am presently 52. I went on depression medications five years ago. The last 2.5 years I ws on Abilify, Zoloft and Lamictal. I weaned off of all three under my psychiatrist’s watch. The last pill I took was on October 8. The past 10 months has been brutal, particularly with insomnia. The depression is bad as is the anxiety.

I have tried so many different supplements with the insomnia. I just started seeing a neurologist who is a sleep specialist. He recommends 2000 mg of Magnesium L-Threonate, 500 mgs of L-Tryptophan and 5 mgs of extended release melatonin. He practices Sleep Restriction Therapy. I started last night. It looks like it’s going to be a long, painful process. And that’s if it works.

I am looking for some guidance there but mostly with the depression. I believe it stems from emotional trauma i.e. developmental trauma. I just don’t know how much of it is “chemical” per se. I’m wondering what your thoughts are. I had tried 11 different depression medications over the 5 years. The three I weaned off of just numbed me, didn’t really do much for the emotional pain.

Thanks!

    David Tomen
    August 14, 2020

    Gary, after all the research I’ve done for depression I’m convinced that the emotional part of depression manifests physically one way or another. And we can experience at least some relief if we can isolate that physical component. And treat it.

    You’ve be battling depression for most of your life. So may I humbly suggest that you re-read this post from top to bottom with an open mind. And consider testing each theory.

    For example, it could be a problem with neurogenesis and the ability to grow new neurons and replace damaged or faulty neurons. Or it could be a neurotransmitter imbalance. But the challenge is trying to figure out which neurotransmitter and its system is out of whack. Or it could be a problem with your microbiome which has a direct connection to your brain.

    This may take awhile but only if you’re willing to experiment. And it looks like you are willing by reading your second paragraph. Go through each section and try a couple of nootropics that address that possible cause.

    There is no guarantee of course that I’m right. Or that you’ll figure it out. But it’s what I had to do a couple of times in my adult life if I wanted to live. The last time it took me 2 1/2 years before I finally started to feel well again. But boy, was it worth it.

    If you would like some help with this please consider a consultation with me. I’ve a good track record of helping people discover things they’ve never considered before. Or that their doctor missed.

      Gary Smith
      August 16, 2020

      Hi David,

      Thank you for the response. How would I go about working with you? Fees, etc? Thanks!

      Gary Smith
      August 16, 2020

      Hi David, I am going to reread the entire page on depression. Do you maybe have a suggestion on where to start? You have listed so many options.

      My long term goal is to heal my depression. I agree that having some relief with the symptoms would be beautiful. After 5 years of being on antidepressants, anticovulsants and antipsychotics, I do have some amount of fear with playing with neurotransmitters.

        David Tomen
        August 17, 2020

        Gary, I understand your fear. But using precursors to boost individual neurotransmitters is a helluva lot safer and gentler than using the meds your were using. The only thing is you need to try them one by one until you find that one that brings relief. That’s one option.

        The other try boosting neurogenesis and see if healing brain cells will help. The easiest way to get started with that is trying something like Lion’s Mane Mushroom to increase nerve growth factor. And anything that boosts brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDFN) may help as well: https://nootropicsexpert.com/13-nootropics-to-boost-bdnf/

        So I would start with a two-pronged approach. Testing each neurotransmitter one at a time while using something to increase neurogenesis. And see how it goes. You’ll know within a week to 10-days if you’re on to something.

        If that doesn’t work come back and we’ll try something else. Don’t despair because the last time I personally went through something similar it took me 2 1/2 years before I started feeling like a ‘normal’ health person again. Not saying that to scare you but put this into perspective. Now that you have help you may be able to shorten it to a month or two of experimenting or less.

        Get started and report back on your progress please. We’re not going anywhere.

        Gary Smith
        August 23, 2020

        Hi David, I had an appointment scheduled with a holistic psychiatrist that I had to wait three weeks for. The appointment was last Wednesday. Her advice? She wants to prescribe lithium! So much for “holistic.” To be fair she would prescribe a low dose lithium carbonate – 150 mg. If that doesn’t work, up it to 300 mg. She said that a typical dose is 1200 mg. Quite frankly this plan scares the hell out of me!

        So I will take your advice and purchase Lion’s Mane Mushroom to increase nerve growth factor asap, as you have suggested. Do you think I should just stick with that for a bit or also try a neurotransmitter simultaneously? If yes to the neurotransmitter, which one would you suggest I start with? In the past I have taken 5-HTP, L-Tryptophan, GABA (super briefly), ashwagandha and NAC.

        Thank you so much for your advice!

        David Tomen
        August 24, 2020

        Gary, if this psychiatrist prescribed Lithium she might be one to something. So instead of doing Lithium Carbonate like she suggests why not try Lithium Orotate? That is truly micro-dosing Lithium but it’s extremely effective. I use Advanced Research Lithium Orotate and it works great: https://amzn.to/3hwW8TW

        If you want to try the neurotransmitter protocol you need to figure out which one is messed up in your brain. So which one of these supplements worked for you: 5-HTP, L-Tryptophan and GABA? If either of those worked and things improved it was either serotonin or GABA.

        If it was neither of those then start with L-Tyrosine for dopamine or Alpha GPC for acetylcholine. Something is bound to work sooner or later.

        Gary Smith
        August 24, 2020

        Hi David, I responded last night but it seems to have disappeared. I wanted to wait until my appointment with a holistic psychiatrist before moving forward. Her recommendation is to take lithium carbonate! Not exactly holistic. She wants to prescribe 150 mg. She said if that did not bring me relief she would go up to 300 mg. She said it’s basic a micro dose.

        I ordered the Lions Main Mushroom last night as you suggested. DO you think I should give this some time before possibly attempting to experiment with neurotransmitters?

        I have tried a lot of the seratonin nnotropics – 5-HTP, SAM-e, L-Tryptophan, St. John’s Wart, etc. I have also tried GABA, NAC, ashwandha, and I’m sure others.

        Where should I start? Thank you in advance.

        David Tomen
        August 24, 2020

        Gary, it didn’t “disappear”. It’s me who is overwhelmed and just getting around to answering questions. Which I did below. Sorry for the delay.

        Gary Smith
        August 24, 2020

        Hi David, thank you for getting back to me. I have used lithium orotate years ago. I don’t remember it being helpful, but I am open to trying again. How much should I take per day?

        The 5-HTP and others did nothing for me. I only took GABA for maybe a week for insomnia, so don’t know if it would help or not.

        Do you think I should try L-Tyrosine for dopamine or Alpha GPC for acetylcholine together or try one at a time? Also, would you recommend the lithium by itself before trying either L-Tyrosine or Alpha GPC?

        Thank you so much for your help.

        David Tomen
        August 25, 2020

        Gary,

        Lithium isn’t contraindicated with much so feel free to take it as needed. The usual dosage is 5 mg 3-times per day or “as needed”. But there are some who have come off of high dose lithium carbonate and the like and used double the ‘regular’ dose of Lithium Orotate with some success. So you’ll need to experiment.

        If you are going to try the other neurotransmitters try then one-at-a-time. For example, L-Tyrosine for dopamine for a day or two. If that works then stay with it. If not, try Alpha GPC for acetylcholine for a day or two. Same protocol.

        The key with success and nootropics is trial and error. And keep on trying until you find what works. Eventually, you’ll get there. It took me 2 1/2 years to finally feel like my healthy “self” again. But anyone reading this can do it much quicker with all the information available on Nootropics Expert.

        Keep in mind that these neurotransmitters naturally decline with age. So using GABA for sleep may not be very noticeable. But your body and brain likely need it. Same with L-Tryptophan for serotonin. While it may not get rid of your depression completely, it may bring your levels up a couple levels. And that in concert with other things you’re using may come together so you’re feeling more like your healthy self again.

        Gary Smith
        August 28, 2020

        Hi David, thank you so much for the advice. I know how bust you are and so appreciate your help!

        The lithium orotate that you recommended is not highly rated. I probably shouldn’t have read the 1 and 2 star reviews on Amazon. You still think this is the best option? I used this product way in the past but probably not 5 mg three times a day.

        I texted with the holistic psychiatrist on her thoughts on trying orotate vs carbonate. She said we can talk about it on Wednesday. 🙂 I’ll wait to hear back from her.

        My gut is to probably trying the L-Tyrosine and or Alpha GPC as you suggested. So you think trying one for only two days will be long enough to see if it is helpful? Do you have brands that you recommend for both?

        I have been taking L-Tryptophan (along with magnesium L-Threonate) for two and a half weeks per the recommendation of the neurologist sleep doctor. I have been doing Restrictive Sleep Therapy for two and a half weeks. Unsuccessfully. He had me take Lunesta (2 mg) for a week last week to see if I could make it through 11:45 pm – 5:45 am. Unsuccessfully. So now he wants me to take 12.5 mg of Ambien extended release for only three nights – going to bed at 12:30 am and getting up at 5:45 am. His hope is that I’ll make it through the full 5 hours and 15 minutes.

        He did say that if the insomnia is caused by major depression and not withdrawals from weaning off of Abilify, Lamictal and Zoloft – it will be much harder to cure the insomnia. If it is even possible. And that the therapy may be making it worse. Which I believe it is doing so.

        This is why I am wanting to figure out how to get the depression under control. I just don’t know how much I will be able to tell if the supplements are effective since I am so tired! Ten and a half months of this shit.

        I did start the Lion’s Mane per your suggestion three days ago.

        David Tomen
        August 29, 2020

        Gary, I only recommended the Advanced Research Lithium Orotate because I’ve tried a couple of other brands. And the Advanced Research one is more effective. For me! That may not be true for everyone.

        L-Tyrosine and Alpha GPC both work quickly to make dopamine and acetylcholine. But they require cofactors to accomplish this synthesis. Without going into detailed microbiology here, they will work for you if you are using a B-Complex, magnesium and Vitamin C. Or you could use a multi like the Performance Lab NutriGenesis Multi and cover all the necessary vitamin and mineral cofactors needed to make these neurotransmitters.

        A couple of days each should be enough to get an idea if either of them provide any benefit. If one of them does work for you then long-term use following dosage recommendations for that supplement will improve with time. These are the two I am presently using: https://amzn.to/3hFMz51 and https://amzn.to/3lva96L

        Gary Smith
        September 3, 2020

        Hi David, I don’t know if this is something you can advise on or not. I tried Sleep Restriction Therapy for three weeks with no real success. When I was on Lamictal, Zoloft and Abilify, I slept 8-9 hours. I’m lucky to sleep 5 now (going on for 11 months). If I had to guess, it was the Abilify that put me to sleep. It looks like Abilify correlates to Dopamine. But I can’t quite figure out f it lowers or raises it. And if it raises it, would it make sense to try L-Tryptophan to see if it helps me sleep? My understand is that Tryptophan/Dopamine does the opposite. Thanks!

        Gary Smith
        September 3, 2020

        I may have typed out Tryptophan when I meant Tyrosine. Lack of sleep is killing me.

        David Tomen
        September 4, 2020

        Gary, Abilify acts by modulating neurotransmission overactivity of dopamine. And it does it by acting on several different dopamine receptors as well as a couple serotonin receptors.

        Note that ‘overactivity” is the keyword here. It certainly doesn’t raise dopamine. The last thing you’d want to do is take L-Tyrosine before bed.

        Have you tried my sleep stack? It includes Tart Cherry juice from concentrate for melatonin, L-Tryptophan for serotonin and melatonin, and magnesium to relax muscles and it acts on the GABAa receptor. The same receptor that Ambien works on. See that stack here: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-sleep-supplements-to-buy/ and here: https://nootropicsexpert.com/best-nootropics-for-sleep/.

        If that’s not enough you could add CDB Oil, L-Theanine and Lemon Balm. That’s what I do and works like a charm.

        Gary Smith
        September 4, 2020

        Hi David, I will look into the Performance Lab sleep product. I have seen you recommend it on other threads.

        The sleep doctor has me on Magnesium L-Theonate (he says it’s the best and or only one that crosses the blood brain barrier), 500 mg of L-Tryptophan and 5 mg of time release melatonin. I stopped with the melatonin after a few days. I find I react strangely to it.

        I bought some Lemon Balm recently and added it to the above last night for the first time along with Sleepy Time Tea (which I have now taken three nights). My sleep was still terrible. About 5 hours. Last night I couldn’t fall asleep, which has not been my issue. I have also had migraines two of the last three days so I am cutting out the tea.

        The Lab Performance is half the dose of Tryptophan that I am presently taking. You think the Taurate is more effective than Theonate? I had just started taking Magnesium Glycinate a few nights before I saw the sleep doctor. so many forms of magnesium!

        Do you think it makes more sense to go to the Lab Performance rather than stick with Theonate, 500 mg of Tryptophan and purchasing Tart Cherry capsules? Thanks!

        David Tomen
        September 6, 2020

        Gary, sounds like you witnessed the same bad reaction to melatonin I did.

        The Performance Lab Sleep product is a good stack. But I find that some need to add to it. It works better the longer you use it.

        Don’t forget that the sleep benefit of magnesium is more than in just your brain. You whole body goes to sleep and not just your brain. So the different forms of magnesium work together for body and brain.

        BTW, I’ve come across studies since that shows magnesium glycinate and magnesium taurate cross the blood-brain barrier. I think when they invented the L-Threonate version of magnesium fewer options of magnesium where on the market.

        You’ll need to keep experimenting Gary. I suggest trying CBD Oil too. Try the CBD Oil ‘Calm’ Gummies from Charlotte’s Web. Another thing that I find helps me stay asleep is Kratom. But specifically the Bentuangie strain of Kratom.

    C.C.
    August 14, 2020

    Try enegry therapy along with the herbs to release the trauma.

      Gary Smith
      August 16, 2020

      Hi C.C.

      What type(s) of energy healing are you suggesting? Thanks.

Sarah
July 24, 2020

Hi David!

Any Nootropic which can help me to get over loss of my family member? The memories and old euphoric feelings are eating me inside out.

    David Tomen
    July 24, 2020

    Sarah, unfortunately there is no nootropic for grief. That’s not the way they work and not what they are for. Sure, nootropics can help alleviate the symptoms of depression. And it helps to know the cause of that depression so you know what to use. But grief and depression are not synonymous. Only a grief counsellor can help with what you must be going through Sarah. I’m so sorry for your loss.

gigi reza
June 15, 2020

Hi David, i left over a comment on one of your pages but i don’t think you’ve seen it.. i just really need answers for i feel lost, im suffering from srri & wellbutrin induced apathy/anhedonia, brain fog, memory issues from antidepressants such as prozac , zoloft and then wellbutrin & gabapentin. its been around 6 months since i last took wellbutrin. ive been taking, ginkgo,rhodiola,brahmi,gotu kola,DHA,NAC,l theanine, raw cacao, turmeric,Alcar, tulsi,& lithium orotate. i was thinking of trying something like Uridine, Noopept, Sulbutiamine, & Lions mane maybe, i feel like my dopamine receptors have been depleted from taking wellbutrin for 3 yrs. do you think any of those nootropics i’ve mentioned will help at all in repairing them? I’d really appreciate your help.. you help so many people and its admirable. i just am not sure where to go from here & what i should take. Thank you so much. Hope you’re having a wonderful night.

    David Tomen
    June 15, 2020

    Gigi, see my response under the Sulbutiamine and Uridine threads.

    Naveen India
    June 28, 2020

    Try heavy exercise..till you sweat hard,you will get adapted to it in 2-3 weeks, take whey protein along with it , I’m not an expert…But it does helped me to tackle drug induced motivational issues and made my life overall better..initial pain is hard but no pain,no gain.. these are all my opinions only, have a try along with nootropics

Jacob
June 10, 2020

Hi David,

I’m strugling with depression and anxiety issues for quitte some time now, and at night i often have panic attacks which are really frightening.
My anxiety most of the time is much worse at night then during the day, because during the day i can control my mind to some degree.
For these symptoms i’m taking Escitalopram 15mg a day which helps somewhat against anxiety during the day, but panic atacks at night are still present unfortunately. Also it doesn’t help for depression so much in my experience.

Sometimes i don’t know what to do anymore. I tried a lot of stuff but the only things that seem to give me some instant relief are Magnesium, Taurin, Melatonin and a couple other supplements.

Things i did not really tried are racetams and noopept, and i am really curious to try some of them, espicially noopept. I have red a lot of good things about it! My brain often felt like a huge brainfog, i feel depressed, lack motivation to do any thing and everything i do i don’t really enjoy doing it!
I miss a feeling of a calm and clearheaded mind, i feel a lot of stress and my thougts are so racing i most of the time feel terrible and can’t focus on things.

From all i red online noopept can fix these issues, mostly people with mental ilnesses can benefit from it. And i am one of those people. My only question is if it can be combined with Escitalopram 15 mg? (SSRI)

    David Tomen
    June 12, 2020

    Jacob, if you feel you’re getting some benefit from Escitalopram then you must be having at least some issues with serotonin. Low serotonin has been implicated in both anxiety and depression.

    The thing is while you’re using that drug you can’t ‘directly’ boost serotonin with a nootropic. You must avoid using something like L-Tryptophan or St. John’s wort. Because if you do you’ll put yourself in danger of Serotonin Syndrome.

    One nootropic that does compliment the use of Escitalopram is Inositol. Please see this review: https://nootropicsexpert.com/vitamin-b8-inositol/

    Here’s a suggestion… Closely read the reviews here on Nootropics Expert for each of the supplements you’ve experienced some benefit. I think after reading a few of them you’ll come to recognize a pattern. Because some of them work on the same or similar brain function.

    For example, taurine supports GABA as does magnesium. So you may have a problem with GABA as well. It may be wise to try boosting GABA in your brain. Try using GABA and L-Theanine before bed and see if that helps.

    Noopept may be another good option because it also boosts Alpha Brain Waves just like L-Theanine. And it activates AMPA receptors which go on to activate the dopamine/motivation pathway as described in this post: https://nootropicsexpert.com/hacking-motivation-with-nootropics/

    Another one to try is Lithium Orotate which may help reduce the panic attacks: https://nootropicsexpert.com/lithium-orotate/

    You’re on the right track Jacob. I encourage you to continue experimenting with different nootropics. But do it wisely and carefully so you’re not messing with Escitalopram. And use the recommended dosages at the right time of day for the most benefit.

      Jacob
      June 12, 2020

      Thanks David! Are you saying Noopept could be combined with Escitalopram? That’s what i make out of your comment. 😉

      I’m also interested in Lithium Orotate and Aniracetam for their stated mood lifting effects. Do you think it will be helpful for my situation I’m dealing with?

      From my own research i know EPA and DHA, Curcumin, Lavender, Vitamin D3 and a good Probiotic supp can also help combat depression and anxiety. So that i plan to take on a regular basis combined with a good Multivitamin.

      I think Colllagen (because it is made up from different amino acids) can also benefit the brain in a positive way. The Glycine in the collagen is also good for sleep like Magnesium is, so that in particular peeked my interest!

      At last i want to mention PEA (palmitoylethanolamide) which i want to try for chronic pain. As it is anti inflammatory it could also help combat depression. I red an article that stated that people on this substance had far less depression symptoms then the placebo group. Unfortunately there was just one article about this, but still it is interesting!

      What do you think about this? Am i on the right track? Do you have any good other supps i could try?

      Thanks 🙂

        David Tomen
        June 13, 2020

        Jacob, PEA does boost dopamine and serotonin which is why it helps some with depression symptoms. But it has an extremely short half-life and the effect doesn’t last long. So some like to prologue the effects of PEA by using it with a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor (MAOI) like selegiline (L-deprenyl), hordenine, or Oat Straw. Any natural nootropic that acts like an MAOI should work.

        Chronic pain is often caused by inflammation and can certainly contribute to feelings of depression. I suggest you do a search of Nootropics Expert (top right of the to menu) and search for the keywords “inflammation”, “COX-2”, “anti-inflammatory”, and “pain” and see what else turns up.

        You are definitely on the right track sir! Just keep on doing your research. There’s likely hundreds of pages on this site you haven’t seen yet. There’s stuff I haven’t seen for years and I wrote everything on Nootropics Expert!

      Jacob
      June 12, 2020

      I hope you can help me further, you seem to know your stuff! 🙂

    JustARandomGuyOnTheInternet
    July 19, 2020

    Hey, the only time I had night time panic attacks was when taking L-Tryptophan before going to bed. Maybe you should try leaving Melatonin out, while in Escitalopram. But I am just a random guy on the Internet.

Antheia
January 21, 2020

Hi there, thank you for this brilliant resource. I have had depression for a long, long time and I have tried lots of things. I think that the main issue I have is long term low dopamine levels. Whether this is due to low levels of dopamine or the receptors not working efficiently, I don’t know. I would like to try some Mucuna for this and I know you mention that one should boost serotonin and dopamine together, but is there any merit in doing them separately first to see whether it is dopamine or serotonin or both that is the issue? If I start with Mucuna for a while and then maybe stop that and use Tryptophan, would that help me to separate the symptoms? Not sure if this is a valuable thing to do.

    David Tomen
    January 21, 2020

    Antheia, the latter is what I suggest. Try one first then the other and see if you can figure out the cause of your depression. If neither help it could be something like inflammation that is the cause. But only thing that works is trial an error to get to the bottom of it.

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